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History. of. Computer. The Electromechanical Age: 1840-1940. The Electronic Age: 1941- Present. History of Information Technology and System. Four basic periods Characterized by a principal technology used to solve the input, processing, output and communication problems of the time:
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History of Computer The Electromechanical Age: 1840-1940 The Electronic Age: 1941- Present
History of Information Technology and System Four basic periodsCharacterized by a principal technology used to solve the input, processing, output and communicationproblems of the time: • Pre mechanical, • Mechanical, • Electromechanical, and • Electronic
C. The Electromechanical Age 1840-1940 -The discovery of ways to harness electricity was the key advance made during this period. Knowledge and information could now be converted into electrical impulses.
1. The Beginnings of Telecommunication Voltaic Battery Telegraph Telephone and Radio
Voltaic Battery The first electric battery, known as the Voltaire pile was invented a8th century by Alessandro Volta.
Telegraph Samuel F.J. Morse conceived of his version of an electromagnetic telegraph in 1832 and constructed an experiment version in 1815.
Telephone and Radio • Alexander Graham Bell. • 1876 • Followed by the discovery that electrical waves travel through space and can produce an effect far from the point at which they originated by Guglielmo Marconi in 1894 • These two events led to the invention of the radio • 1852-George Boole develops binary algebra
Electromechanical Computing Tabulating Machine Comptometer Comptograph Punched cards
1853 Pehr and Advard Scheutz complete their tabulating Machine, capable of processing fifteen-digit numbers, printing out results and rounding off to eight digits.
1885 Dorr Felt devises the Comptometer, a key driven adding and subtracting calculator. 1889 Felt’s Comptograph, containing built-in printer, is intoduced
Punched Cards • Herman Hollerith was the first person to successfully use punched cards in 1890. • was adapted for use in early computers and provided computer programmers with a new way to put information into their machine.
Hollerith was the father of information processing and found the Tabulating machine Company which later became the Computer Tabulating Recording Company. Hollerith company went to become the International Business Machines Corporation known today as IBM.
1893 The Millionaire, the first efficeint four-function calculator invented by Otto shweiger, a Swiss Engineer. 1906 Vacuum tube was developed by Lee De Forest which provide electricity controlled switch.
The Electronic Age: 1941-Present
In 1941, Konrad Zuse built the first programmable computer called Z3. A computer is programmable because of following instructions. • Z3 is designed to solve engineering equations rather than basic arithmetic problems.
1942 • Howard Aiken a PhD student of Harvard University built the Mark I “ The First Stored Program Computer”
John Atanasoff and Clifford berry completed the first all-electric computer the ABC (Atanasoff-Berry computer). • was the first computer to use electricity in the form of vacuum tubes to make electric computation possible. • Used for solving complex system of equations.
