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World Religions Notes

World Religions Notes. Nontheistic-not having or involving a belief in a god or gods. The claim of Non-theism is true in the sense that there is no God in Buddhism who is a Creator, Judge, or Deity-in-Charge. Buddhism 376 Million, 7.1% of world population . Monotheism: Belief in one god. .

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World Religions Notes

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  1. World Religions Notes Nontheistic-not having or involving a belief in a god or gods. The claim of Non-theism is true in the sense that there is no God in Buddhism who is a Creator, Judge, or Deity-in-Charge. Buddhism 376 Million, 7.1% of world population

  2. Monotheism:Belief in one god. World Religions Notes • Christianity • 2 Billion, 31% of world population • Islam • 1.6 Billion, 23% of world population • Judaism • 14 Million, 0.2 % of world population

  3. World Religions Notes Polytheism Polytheism: Belief in multiple gods Hinduism 1 Billion, 15% of world population

  4. Judaism Basis of belief Written in Hebrew Torah: Old Testament (first 5 books) of the Bible Hand written on scrolls Talmud: The Ten Commandments

  5. Basis of Belief • Started by Abraham (yes, the same one from Christian religion). • God spoke to Abraham and told him to start a new land and that he and his descendants would be blessed and prosper. • God= Yaweh

  6. Rabbi Rabbi Temple/Synagogue

  7. Jewish Holy Sites/Places • Jerusalem, Israel • Western Wall aka Wailing Wall • Part of the wall that is left from the Temple Mount (the first Jewish synagogue)

  8. Western Wall/Wailing Wall

  9. Jewish Day of Worship and Holy Days • Day of worship: Shabbat (means Sabbath) • sundown on Friday to sundown on Saturday • Rosh Hashanah: Jewish New Year • Yom Kippur: Day of Atonement (forgiveness) • Passover: Celebrating the freedom/exit of the Israelites (Jewish slaves) from Egypt, lasts 8 days, Christians also celebrate this • Bar/Bat Mitzvah: Coming of age ceremony • 13 yr. old boys/12 yr. old girls

  10. Jewish Sects • Orthodox: traditional • Hasidic: most traditional sect • Conservative: a sect that looks to “conserve” (save) traditions/belief. • opposite of Reform sect • Reform: faith is based on the idea the beliefs are a guideline which you should live your life by rather than a strict set of rules. • More modern

  11. Jewish Sects…. Which sect is it??

  12. Christianity Basis of belief • Monotheistic • We are created good but are born into sin • God sent Jesus, his son, to save people from their sins • Belief in heaven and hell- an afterlife. • Ten Commandments-especially the Golden Rule (treat others as you would want to be treated) Bible

  13. Holy Sites/Places Priest • Vatican City • Important to Roman Catholics • Has political voice for the world • Jerusalem, Israel • Church of the Holy Sepulchre • Built where Jesus’s tomb is believed to have been • Holds a boulder/stone where Jesus was washed after being crucified Church

  14. Church of the Holy Sepulchre, built on the spot Christians believe Jesus came back from the dead.

  15. Christianity Holy Book/Teachings • The Bible • Old Testament • Before Jesus Christ • New Testament • Jesus Christ’s teachings Bible

  16. Holy Days/TraditionsDay of Worship • Christmas • birth of Jesus Christ • Easter • marks the day of resurrection of Jesus Christ • Celebration of the Last Supper • mass/services/sacrament Day of worship: Sunday

  17. Christian Sects • Catholics • Protestant (PROTEST against Catholic church) Methodist, Lutheran, Baptist, LDS/Mormon, Roman, Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox Non Denominational refers to those churches that have not formally aligned themselves with an established church/sect.

  18. Islam • Basis of Beliefs • Definition: to surrender or submission in peace to God • Followers: Muslims • Word for God: Allah • Prophet (messenger): Muhammad • Koran/Qu’ran • The teachings of Muhammad • His Communications with Allah (God) • Most holy book • May not be translated from Arabic

  19. Basis of Belief5 Pillars of Islam • Worship only Allah, Muhammad is a prophet of Allah • Prayer- must pray 5 times per day (sunrise, noon, dusk, sunset, night), must be done facing Mecca • Charity-rich give to poor, all will give to Allah • Ramadan- fast during daylight hours for one month (9th month on Islamic calendar) • Hajj: males should make a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in their lifetime.

  20. Holy Sites/Places • Mecca: birthplace of Muhammad, destination of Hajj (done to celebrate Muhammad’s travel) • Medina: where Muhammad lived his young adult life (Saudi Arabia) • Dome of the Rock: believed by Muslims to be where Muhammad ascended to heaven (Jerusalem) • Al-Aqsa Mosque: Mosque near Dome of the Rock • Kaaba: first mosque, located in Mecca, holds a stone that is believed to be a piece of the altar that Abraham was going to sacrifice his son on

  21. Dome of the Rock Believed to be the site where Muhammad ascended to heaven to be with Allah

  22. Holy Books/Teachings • Koran/Qu’ran (most holy book) • The teachings of Muhammad • Muhammad’s communications with Allah • May not be translated out of Arabic • The Bible • Old Testament Iman Mosque

  23. Holy days/traditions & Day of Worship • Holy day: Ramadan • Month long fasting. • Purpose: teach discipline and sacrifice • Day of Worship: Friday Al-Masjid al-Haram mosque Kaaba

  24. Dome of the Rock and the Western/Wailing Wall

  25. Islamic Sects • Shi’ites (aka Shia) • Believe that the only true descendent leaders of Islam are family members of Muhammad. • They do not recognize the first 3 caliphs (leaders) after Muhammad’s death. They believe that they are inferior because they were not a relative of Muhammad. • They acknowledge the fourth caliph because he was related to Muhammad. • Sunni • Believe that Muhammad chose his successor- who was not a family member.

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