Preservation Metadata: Theory and Evolving Practice

1. Jenn Riley Metadata Librarian Indiana University Digital Library Program Preservation Metadata: Theory and Evolving Practice

2. Here’s (some of) what we’re facing Image by Paul Downey – CC by-nc-sa2.0 http://www.flickr.com/photos/psd/211603602/ Image by Seth Anderson – CC by-sa2.0 http://www.flickr.com/photos/swanksalot/2704017177/ Image from Indiana University Media Preservation Initiative http://research.iu.edu/resources/media_preservation/slideshow/index.html

3. Core issues • What to preserve? • Media? (some digital, some analog) • Bits? • Intellectual content? • How to preserve it? • Migration? • Emulation? How does preservation relate to access? Not surprisingly, we’re learning that “it depends.” Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

4. Digital preservation is… • Not a solved problem, but also not an unknown one • An active research area • Dependent on preservation metadata, but… • More about policy than technology Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

5. Central framework: OAIS • OAIS = Open Archival Information System • “Reference Model” for an “organization of people and systems” to facilitate long term preservation of content • ISO 14721:2003 • OAIS-compliant repositories meet preservation responsibilities as laid out in the reference model Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

6. High level picture of the OAIS model Figure from OAIS Reference Model, p. 4-1 http://public.ccsds.org/publications/archive/650x0b1.pdf Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

7. Central standard: PREMIS • PREservation Metadata Implementation Strategies • Development began in 2003 under leadership of OCLC and (then) RLG • Data dictionary released 2005; revised 2008 • LC is current maintenance agency Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

8. How PREMIS defines preservation metadata • “The information a repository uses to support the digital preservation process” • Metadata that supports • viability • renderability • understandability • authenticity • identity • Mandatory elements represent “the minimum amount for [a] second repository to accept custody of [a] digital object and assume responsibility for its long-term preservation” Digital Library Brown Bag Series

9. PREMIS data model Figure from PREMIS 2.0 report, p. 5, http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/v2/premis-report-2-0.pdf Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

10. Objects and intellectual entities • Intellectual entities are the things we’re interested in • And can be groups of things • Objects are specific things a repository manages File File File File Bitstream File File File Bitstream Representation(of an intellectual entity) Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

11. Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

12. But it’s not just about PREMIS Figure from Priscilla Caplan, “Understanding PREMIS” p. 5, http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/understanding-premis.pdf Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

13. Image technical metadata NISO Metadata for Images in XMLhttp://www.loc.gov/standards/mix/ Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

14. Text technical metadata Technical Metadata for Text (TextMD) http://www.loc.gov/standards/textMD/ Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

15. Audio technical metadata Audio Engineering Society Core Audio (AES-X098B)http://www.aes.org/standards/meetings/project-status.cfm Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

16. Video technical metadata LC A/V Prototyping ProjectVideo Metadata Schemahttp://www.loc.gov/rr/mopic/avprot/metsmenu2.html Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

17. Preservation metadata seen in some other standard formats Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

18. Wait, we have to type all of this in? • Nope. All this stuff represents a new approach to metadata creation. • Software that creates and manages digital file also creates technical, process history, preservation metadata about it • Maybe also by asking the user for some specific input • Management tools package together metadata and content for transfer and repository ingest • But to implement your preservation policies, you need to understand what metadata is being created, how it’s stored, and when. Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

19. Some digital preservation initiatives to watch (1) • National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP) <http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/> • PREMIS in METS <http://pim.fcla.edu/> • DAITSS Digital Preservation Repository Software, with a dark archive focus <http://daitss.fcla.edu/> • Trustworthy Repositories Audit & Certification (TRAC) <http://www.crl.edu/sites/default/files/attachments/pages/trac_0.pdf> Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

20. Some digital preservation initiatives to watch (2) • Digital Repository Audit Method Based on Risk Assessment (DRAMBORA) <http://www.repositoryaudit.eu/> • Lots of Content Keeps Stuff Safe (LOCKSS) Initiative <http://lockss.stanford.edu/> • Preserving Virtual Worlds project (including video games!) <http://pvw.illinois.edu/pvw/> • Data Preservation Alliance for the Social Sciences (Data-PASS) <http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/DATAPASS/> Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley

21. For more information • jenlrile@indiana.edu • These presentation slides: http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/~jenlrile/presentations/ilf2010/ilf2010.pptx • OAIS reference model:http://public.ccsds.org/publications/archive/650x0b1.pdf • PREMIS data dictionary:http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/ • Thank you! Indiana Library Federation 2010 - Jenn Riley