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syntax 9 Agrammatism DAY 38 – Nov 25, 2013

syntax 9 Agrammatism DAY 38 – Nov 25, 2013. Brain & Language LING 4110-4890-5110-7960 NSCI 4110-4891-6110 Harry Howard Tulane University. Course organization. The syllabus, these slides and my recordings are available at http://www.tulane.edu/~howard/LING4110/ .

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syntax 9 Agrammatism DAY 38 – Nov 25, 2013

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  1. syntax 9AgrammatismDAY 38 – Nov 25, 2013 Brain & Language LING 4110-4890-5110-7960 NSCI 4110-4891-6110 Harry Howard Tulane University

  2. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Course organization • The syllabus, these slides and my recordings are available at http://www.tulane.edu/~howard/LING4110/. • If you want to learn more about EEG and neurolinguistics, you are welcome to participate in my lab. This is also a good way to get started on an honor's thesis. • The grades are posted to Blackboard.

  3. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Review

  4. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Modular vs. interactive processingTable 13.1. adapted from Frisch et al. (2004) Modular: an error found early could turn off additional processing. Interactive: errors should add up.

  5. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Sentence comprehension and syntactic parsing Ingram I, §13 On-line processing, working memory and modularity

  6. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University What is this? `Twasbrillig, and the slithytoves Did gyre and gimble in the wabe: All mimsy were the borogoves, And the momerathsoutgrabe.

  7. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Jabberwocky sentencesTable 13.2, adapted from Hahne & Jescheniak (2001) Modular: an error found early could turn off additional processing. Interactive: errors should add up.

  8. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Deep vs. surface anaphora • What is anaphora? • The ability of one expression to refer to another. • Surface anaphora • The ring that John gave to Mary was made of gold. • The ring that John gave __ to Mary was made of gold. • How do we know what the gap/trace after gave refers to? • Its reference is resolved by syntax. • Deep anaphora • He gave a ring to her. • How do we know what he or she refers to? • Their reference is resolved by semantics/pragmatics, which is somehow ‘deeper’ than syntax. • In particular, pragmatics may consult a model of the discourse, that is, a way of keeping track of what is being/has been talked about. • Lisa spoke to Bill, and Lisa spoke to John.

  9. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Differences in ERPs between kinds of anaphoraSee examples p. 292, translated from German; Fig. 13.5 • Surface/ellipsis • Werner gave Lisa a ring and Joseph …Lisa a necklace. • Deep/discourse model • Werner gave Lisa a ring and Joseph gave Lisaa necklace.

  10. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Summary • Read Ingram’s summary

  11. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Agrammatism revisited Ingram IV, §14 On-line processing, working memory and modularity

  12. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Off-line methods of language assessment

  13. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University A testZurif et al. (1972) • Which pair of words (A or B) goes best together? • A | B • the – baby | the – cries • the – baby | baby – cries • the – cries | baby – cries • These pairwise comparisons can be summarized in a tree structure called a dendrogram.

  14. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Dendrograms for The baby criesFig. 14.1 control aphasia the baby cries the baby cries

  15. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Dendrograms for other sentencesFig. 14.2 control aphasia the dog chases a cat the dog chases a cat the man was hurt the man was hurt

  16. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Conclusions • What shall we conclude? • Agrammatic aphasics can process content words, • but not grammatical or function words.

  17. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University NEXT TIME P11 Part IV. Discourse §15, Discourse processing

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