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Prof. Dr. A. M. Sharaf ECE, UNB, Canada http://www.ece.unb.ca/sharaf

STANDALONE WIND INTERFACE GREEN ENERGY SCHEMES. Prof. Dr. A. M. Sharaf ECE, UNB, Canada http://www.ece.unb.ca/sharaf. Presentation Outline. Introduction Objectives DVR/MPF Stabilizing Scheme DCC Stabilizing Scheme GTO Interface Converter Scheme

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Prof. Dr. A. M. Sharaf ECE, UNB, Canada http://www.ece.unb.ca/sharaf

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  1. STANDALONE WIND INTERFACE GREEN ENERGY SCHEMES Prof. Dr. A. M. Sharaf ECE, UNB, Canada http://www.ece.unb.ca/sharaf

  2. Presentation Outline • Introduction • Objectives • DVR/MPF Stabilizing Scheme • DCC Stabilizing Scheme • GTO Interface Converter Scheme • APC Stabilizing FACTS Scheme • Wind-Farm Electricity using PMDC Generator Scheme • Conclusion & Recommendation Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  3. Introduction Wind Energy • Fast growing; • Expect to supply 10% of total Energy by 2025; Advantages (abundant, clean,renewable); Stand-alone WECS • Village electricity feeding hybrid motorized load Voltage-stability Problems and Mitigation Solution • Voltage instability & Compensation • Proposed interface/stabilization schemes (DVR/MPF, DCC, GTO Converter, APC, Wind-Farm PMDC) Digital simulation & validation using Matlab/Simulink/PS-Blockset Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  4. Introduction – cont’d Stand-alone WECS structure 1:n Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  5. Research Objectives • Develop digital models (for machines, nonlinear loads, converter/compensator interface, PWM and novel stabilizing controllers) • Validate the village wind energy interface schemes using (DVR/MPF, DCC, APC, Converter) • Investigate Flexible AC Transmission FACTS-based dynamic controllers • Recommend low cost stand-alone village wind energy interface schemes Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  6. DVR/MPF Scheme *Linear *Nonlinear *Motorized Generator can be IG or PMSG Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  7. DVR/MPF Scheme – Cont’d Hybrid Load , Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  8. DVR/MPF Scheme – Cont’d Dynamic Voltage Regulator & Modulated Power Filter (developed by Dr. Sharaf) Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  9. DVR/MPF Scheme – Cont’dTypical GTO and Protection Circuits(ABB) Turn on: Li----di/dt Rs---discharge of Cs Turn off: Cs----dv/dt Data sheet Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  10. DVR/MPF Scheme – Cont’d Capacitor overvoltage Protection using Metal Oxide Varistors (MOV) Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  11. DVR/MPF Scheme – Cont’d Main Loop Tri—loop Controller (developed by Dr. Sharaf) Supplementary Loops Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  12. DVR/MPF Scheme – Cont’dSimulation Results Sequenced wind & load Disturbance: t=0.1s Load excursion applied, +30%; t=0.3s Load excursion removed, +30%; t=0.5s Wind Speed excursion applied, -30%; t=0.7s Wind Speed excursion removed, -30%. Voltage vs time Voltage vs time Vw -30% 1 0.9 0.8 1 0.9 0.8 SL +30% Without the DVR/MPF With the DVR/MPF Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  13. DVR/MPF Scheme – Cont’dSimulation Results Power vs Time 0.5 0.45 Vw -30% 0.4 0.35 SL +30% With DVR/MPF Without DVR/MPF Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  14. DVR/MPF Scheme – Cont’dSimulation Results et Vc PWM pulses time

  15. DCC Scheme DCC Scheme withIG (Induction Generator) Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  16. DCC Scheme – Cont’d DCC 3 GTO switching stages Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  17. Controller parameters are selected by off-line guided trial & error for * Best voltage stabilization * Max Pg extraction DCC Scheme – Cont’d Dual-loop controller 1 Tri-loop Controller 2 Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  18. DCC Scheme – Cont’d Wind and load variation sequence: t=0.1s Load excursion applied, +40%;t=0.3s Load excursion removed, +40%;t=0.5s Load excursion applied, -40%;t=0.7s Load excursion removed, -40%;t=0.9s Wind Speed excursion applied, -30%; t=1.1s Wind Speed excursion removed, -30%;t=1.3s Wind Speed excursion applied, +30%;t=1.5s Wind Speed excursion removed, +30%; Without DCC With DCC Vg_rms +/-10% Pg time time Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  19. DCC Scheme – Cont’d Controller 2 Controller 1 et Vc PWM pulses

  20. SPWM GTO Converter Scheme Output LC Filter Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  21. SPWM GTO Converter Scheme – Cont’d Smoothing DC storage capacitor Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  22. SPWM GTO Converter Scheme – Cont’d Loop #1 (V-Load) Loop #2 (V-generator) et Vc Modulation index Loop #3 (V-DC-link) Developed by Dr. Sharaf Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  23. SPWM GTO Converter Scheme – Cont’d (Dynamic simulation results) Wind & Load disturbance sequence: t=0.03s Load excursion applied, +30%;t=0.04s Load excursion removed, +30%;t=0.05s Load excursion applied, -30%;t=0.06s Load excursion removed, -30%;t=0.07s Wind Speed excursion applied, -30%;t=0.08s Wind Speed excursion removed, -30%;t=0.09s Wind Speed excursion applied, +30%; t=0.10s Wind Speed excursion removed, +30%; Vg_rms +/- 3% Pg Without SPWM GTO Converter With SPWM GTO Converter Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  24. SPWM GTO Converter Scheme – Cont’d (Dynamic simulation results) et VL-rms Vc Vdc pulses time time

  25. Novel Active Power Compensator Scheme Developed by Dr. Sharaf Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  26. Novel Active Power Compensator Scheme – Cont’d P Q exchange at generator bus ** Asynchronous Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  27. Active Power Compensator Scheme – Cont’d Loop #1 (Vg) Loop #2 (Ig) Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  28. Active Power Compensator Scheme – Cont’d (simulation results) Wind & Load disturbance sequence: t=0.03s Load excursion applied, +30%;t=0.04s Load excursion removed, +30%; t=0.05s Load excursion applied, -30%; t=0.06s Load excursion removed, -30%; t=0.07s Wind Speed excursion applied, -30%; t=0.08s Wind Speed excursion removed, -30%; t=0.09s Wind Speed excursion applied, +30%; t=0.10s Wind Speed excursion removed, +30%; With APC Without APC Vg_rms +/-5% Pg time time Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  29. Active Power Compensator Scheme – Cont’d (simulation results) Pf et Vc Qf Pulses1 time time

  30. A Novel Farm-Electricity WECS Scheme using PM-DC Generator Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  31. A Novel Farm-Electricity WECS Scheme using PM-DC Generator – Cont’d Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  32. A Novel Farm-Electricity WECS Scheme using PM-DC Generator – Cont’d Loop #1 (V-Load) Stabilizer Loop #2 (I-Load) Dynamic Tracking Loop #3 (V-generator) Stabilizer Developed by Dr. Sharaf Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  33. A Novel Farm-Electricity WECS Scheme using PM-DC Generator – Cont’d (Simulation results) Wind & Load disturbance sequence: t=0.03s Load excursion applied, +30%;t=0.04s Load excursion removed, +30%; t=0.05s Load excursion applied, -30%; t=0.06s Load excursion removed, -30%; t=0.07s Wind Speed excursion applied, -30%; t=0.08s Wind Speed excursion removed, -30%; t=0.09s Wind Speed excursion applied, +30%; t=0.10s Wind Speed excursion removed, +30%; Vg Pg time time Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  34. A Novel Farm-Electricity WECS Scheme using PM-DC Generator – Cont’d (Simulation results) Vinverter et Vc VL VL-mag pulses1 time time

  35. ConclusionThe research validated six novel WECS Interface & Stabilization schemes namely: • Scheme 1: Dynamic voltage regulator/modulated power filter (DVR/MPF) scheme with IG • Scheme 2: DVR/MPF Scheme with PMSG • Scheme 3: Dynamic capacitor compensation (DCC) scheme with IG • Scheme 4: DC-link SPWM 6-pulse GTO Converter Scheme with IG • Scheme 5: Active/reactive Power Compensation (APC) Scheme • Scheme 6: Farm Electricity Scheme with PM-DC Generator Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  36. Conclusion – Cont’d Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  37. Conclusion – Cont’d Recommendation • The research study is now being extended to other hybrid energy schemes such as solar/small hydro/micro-gas/hydrogen generation/small NG-fired turbine/biomass/sterling cycle/fuel cell technology and integrated distributed generation. • New dynamic FACTS based converter topology for hybrid (wind/PV/others) renewable energy schemes. • Novel AI/neuro-fuzzy/soft computing based effective stabilization and control schemes. • Build a full laboratory micro system simulator to study new FACTS converter and controller effectiveness. Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  38. PUBLICATIONS6 Papers have been published/accepted/submitted • A. M. Sharaf, and G. Wang, “A Switched Dynamic Power Filter/Compensator Scheme for Stand Alone Wind Energy Schemes”. IEEE Canada, Canadian Conference on Electrical & Computer Engineering CCECE2004. May 2-5 2004. Dundas, Ontario, Canada. (Accepted) • A. M. Sharaf, and G. Wang, “Wind System Voltage and Energy Enhancement Using PWM-Switched Dynamic Capacitor Compensation”. IEEE sponsored, EPE – PEMC 04. European Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, September 2-4 2004. Riga, Latvia. (Accepted) • A. M. Sharaf, and G. Wang, “Stand-alone Wind Energy System Voltage and Energy Enhancement Using A Low Cost Dynamic Capacitor Compensation Scheme”, Large Engineering Systems Conference on Power Engineering, LESCOPE'04, July 28-31, 2004, Halifax, Canada. (Accepted) Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  39. PUBLICATIONS6 Papers have been published/accepted/submitted • A. M. Sharaf, and G. Wang, “Wind Energy System Voltage and Energy Utilization Enhancement Using PWM Converter Interface Scheme”, PATMOS 2004, Fourteenth International Workshop on Power and Timing Modeling, Optimization and Simulation, September 15 - 17, 2004, Isle of Santorini, Greece (Submitted) • A. M. Sharaf, and G. Wang, “Stand-alone Wind Energy Conversion System with Active Power Compensation Scheme”, International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy (IJETP), Special issue on Power Electronics for Distributed and Co-Generation. (Submitted) • A. M. Sharaf, and G. Wang, “A Novel Farm-Electricity Wind Energy Scheme using PM-DC Generator”, IEEE Transaction on Energy Conversion. (Submitted) Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  40. QUESTIONS PLEASE ! Thank you! Novel Control Strategies and Interface Converters for Stand-alone WECS

  41. Simple Wind Turbine Model (Quasi-static model) is the tip speed ratio; is the specific density of air (1.25); is power conversion coefficient; is the wind turbine rotor velocity in rpm; A is the area swept by the blades; R is the radius of the rotor blades; k is equivalent coefficient of proportionality in per unit (0.745)

  42. Typical Wind Turbine Characteristics

  43. Induction Machine d-q Model

  44. PWM Model

  45. Clock Control signal Control signal Sampled Control signal Sampled Control signal Triangle wave Triangle wave Compared signal Compared signal PWM output PWM output PWM Waveforms t (s)

  46. Asynchronous SPWM Waveforms Demonstration Reference/control voltage Carrier time shifting

  47. GTO 5SGA 30J4502 Data Sheet

  48. GTO 5SGA 30J4502 Data Sheet

  49. GTO 5SGA 30J4502 Data Sheet return

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