Charles the Younger (d. 811) Carloman/Pippin, King of Lombards (r. 781-810)

1. Charles the Younger (d. 811) Carloman/Pippin, King of Lombards (r. 781-810) Louis the Pious, King of Aquitaine (r. 781-814) Image Link: Carolingian Family Tree: <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/ France-1stCarolingians.png>

2. 813 Charlemagne has Louis the Pious recognised as heir to whole empire 814 Death of Charlemagne, succession of Louis the Pious (r. 814-40)

3. 817 Louis issues Ordinatio Imperii. Rebellion and death of Bernard Louis II the German (d. 876) - Bavaria Pippin I (d. 838) - Aquitaine Lothar (d. 855) - the rest, starting with Italy

4. 818 Death of Irmingard 819 Louis the Pious marries Judith of Bavaria 823 Birth of Charles the Bald

5. Being “the Pious”: Monastic reform Benedict of Aniane (d. 821) 816 and 817 Church councils Guardian of morality

6. Being “the Pious”: Early 820s Reconciliation with opponents and family 822 Penance at Attigny. Reconfirmation of Ordinatio Imperii Theodosius (r. 379-95)

7. Administrative Reforms: Collection of capitularies Missi dominici to inspect counties and monasteries 2-3 public assemblies per year

8. Foreign Relations: Intervention in Britanny and Slavic lands Encouraging conversion of Slavs Map Link: Division of the Frankish state according to Ordinatio Imperii: <http://www.cristoraul.com/ENGLISH/MedievalHistory/ HINCMAR/ICONS/817.gif>

9. Foreign Relations: Pippin’s unsuccessful wars in Spanish March Matfrid of Orléans Hugh of Tours 815 Louis the Pious crowned emperor by pope, defines Frankish-papal relations

10. 829 Louis the Pious grants Charles the Bald Alemannia, Rhaetia and part of Burgundy 830 Rebellion led by Lothar, Matfrid of Orléans and Hugh of Tours, with Pippin I of Aquitaine Bernard of Septimania/Barcelona Map Link: Partage du royaume 829: <http://www.histoirdefrance.fr/images/829.gif>

11. 831 Louis the Pious, with support of Louis the German, negotiates settlement 832 Louis the German attempts to annexe Alemannia. Louis the Pious grants Aquitaine to Charles the Bald, deposing Pippin I of Aquitaine 833 Rebellion! (again)

12. 833 The Field of Lies. Lothar, Louis the German and Pippin I of Aquitaine depose Louis the Pious, who is forced to do penance. Lothar becomes emperor 834 Rescue of Louis the Pious by nobles probably incl. Louis the German. Louis the Pious restored to imperial throne 835 Ceremonial re-arming of Louis the Pious. Deposition of Lothar

13. 837-39 Repeated divisions of empire 839-40 Louis the German rebels against Louis the Pious. Louis the Pious puts down revolt 840 Death of Louis the Pious Map Link: The Carolingian and Byzantine Empires: <http://www.shadowedrealm.com/lib/images/medieval/ maps/map068.jpg>

14. “The Astronomer” Anonymous author of Vita Hludovici Imperatoris (Life of the Emperor Louis) Demonstrates interest in astronomical matters Wrote work just after 840, probably using court archive

15. Agobard of Lyons (c. 779-840) Archbishop of Lyons from 814 Wrote against heresy, superstition, Judaism 833 Wrote in support of deposition of Louis the Pious 835 Removed from archdiocese and exiled 838 Restored to archdiocese