8 B Unit 1 (Revision)

1. 8B Unit 1 (Revision)

2. 8B Unit 1语言功能和重点 1、识别反义词并用于语境中； 2、用现在完成时讨论过去发生的但仍与现 在有关联的事件； 3、理解表示时间的状语词组的词义并用于现在完成时； 4、讨论因时间变迁而产生的变化；

3. 第一部分 词 汇

4. Unit 1 四会词: past, present, since, southern, till, married, wife, over, cinema, turn, factory, waste, pollute, realize, reduce, open, lonely, throw, husband, interview, unhealthy, unlucky, unpleasant, repair, sentence, yet, recently, century, ever, just, own, environment, fresh, duck, development, lend, service, primary, relax, feeling, dictionary, advantage, recent, describe, tower.

5. cheap easy like good happy high hot new same long slow possible polite regular pleasant lucky kind honest healthy correct Opposites(反义词） expensive difficult dislike/ unlike bad sad low cold old different short fast/ quick impossible impolite irregular unpleasant unlucky unkind dishonest unhealthy incorrect

6. 根据要求写出下列单词的适当形式。 southern 1. pollute(名词) 2. south (形容词) 3. change(复数) 4. tour（名词） 5.beautiful(名词) 6.please(形容词) 7. easy (比较级) 8. marry(形容词) 9. recent (副词) 10. bring (过去分词) 11. cheap (反义词) 12. nature (形容词) 13. easy(反义词) 14. luck (形容词) 15. wife(复数) pollution changes tourist beauty pleased, pleasant married easier recently brought expensive natural difficult, hard lucky wives

7. 用所给词的适当形式填空： pleasant • They had a very ________ trip to Hangzhou. (please) • My parents were very ________ when I got good marks in the English test. (please) • Sally knows that city very _______ because she used to lived there.(good) pleased well

8. 用所给词的适当形式填空： pollution 4. Water ________ is more terrible than noise _________. (pollute) 5. Guang dong Province is in the ________ part of China. (south) 6. Have you ________ that you’ve made a big mistake? (realize) 7. The girl felt _________ because she failed in the exam again. (happy) pollution southern realized unhappy

9. 用所给词的适当形式填空： cleaner 8. The water in that river is much ______ than before. (clean) 9. The old man was _________ when his wife died. (alone) 10. You can take the following______ to stop it happening. (act) lonely action

10. 第二部分 短语句型

11. 不再 • 很了解 • 自打那时起 • 在镇的南部 • 结婚 • 这些年 • 变化很大 • 变……为…… • 下象棋 • 水污染 • 干净多了 • 在某种程度上 • 一个严重的问题 • 开阔的空间 • 时不时 • 搬家 not… any more know… well since then in the southern part of town get married over the years change a lot turn… into play Chinese chess water pollution much cleaner in some ways a serious problem open space from time to time move house

12. 17.象以前一样频繁 18.在过去的一百年中 19.南京的变化 20.听说 21.在过去 22.运营中 23.变化很大 25.去镇上旅游 26.过去常做 27.搬进/出/走 28.有时间多休息 29.带来许多好处 30.引发许多问题 31.游客向往的地方 32.有相同的感受 as often as before over the past century the changes to Nanjing hear about /of in the past be in service/ use change a lot travel to town used to do move into / out of / away have time to relax more bring many advantages cause many problems a good place to go / tourist attraction have the same feeling

13. 选用词组的适当形式填空 get married, turn …into, in fact, change a lot, in the past, noise pollution, as often as, from time to time,not… any more, • I miss my friends in the primary school ________________ because I cannot see them _____________ before. • My uncle ________________ since he _______________. from time to time as often as has changed a lot got married

14. 选用词组的适当形式填空 get married, turn …into, in fact, change a lot, in the past, noise pollution, as often as, from time to time, not… any more noise pollution 3. There was ______________ in my living area _______________. But now it has become much quieter than before. 4. I’m afraid the post office _____ there __________ because things has changed a lot. in the past isn’t any more

15. 选用词组的适当形式填空 get married, turn …into, in fact, change a lot, in the past, noise pollution, as often as, from time to time, not… any more In fact 5. He looks naughty. ___________, he is a very clever boy. 6. We are trying our best to ________ our country _________ a modern and strong one. turn into

16. Fill in the blanks: Mr Chen knows Sunshine Town very ____ . He lived with ___ _____ until he ____ _____. Then he and his wife ____ ___ another ____ in the ____ ____ the town. Last year they _____ ____ because his children _____ them a new _____. But only __ ____ ____ he thinks life is better now. Many of his old friends ___ __ _ ___ other areas and he feels ___ ___ lonely ____ ___ ___ ___. well his parents got married moved to house centre moved of again bought flat in some ways have moved to a bit from time to time

17. 重点句 1. I don’t want to play with you any more. 2. It has changed a lot over the years. 3. The pollution was terrible then because the factory used to dump its waste into the river. 4. The government realized it was a very serious problem and took action to reduce the pollution. 5. I feel a bit lonely from time to time. 6.There were some small restaurants as well as shops and market stalls. 7.It has been in service since 2002. 8. The changes to Moonlight Town have brought many advantages, but they have also caused many problems for people. 9. The environment is not as good as before. 10.It’s next to the clock tower, isn’t it?

18. 第三部分 词汇的应用

19. Language points get married结婚 be/get married to Sb. marry Sb. 和某人结婚 Tom ________ Mary in 1965. Mary _____________________ Tom in 1965. Tom and Mary ___________ in 1965. married was/got married to got married

20. used to do sth过去常常做某事e.g. 1. 我父亲过去是个老师. My father ____ ____ _____ a teacher. 2. 我曾经在这所学校学习. I ____ ____ ____ in this school. used to be used to study use sth to do sth 用某物做某事 be used to do /for doing sth 被用来做某事 be used as sth被用为某物 be used to doing sth习惯于做某事

21. Fill in the blanks. used to be 1.There __________(过去是）a clean river and it _____________(use) to wash clothes. 2.Can you tell me different ______(用处)of a computer? 3.The new light rail ______________(投入使用) since 2005. 4.刀被用来切东西 Knives ___________________________________ 5.以前，我不习惯早起 In the past, I ____________________________ was used uses has been in use are used to cut things/for cutting things wasn’t used to getting up early

22. feel a bit lonely 感到有点儿寂寞 alone 单独 , 一个人 ( 用作表语或状 语 ) lonely 孤独的,寂寞的,偏僻的 (作表语或定语 ) eg. 1. 他一个人单独居住,但从不感到寂寞. He lives _____, but he never feel _____. 2. 他一个人住在偏僻的山村里. He ________________________. alone lonely lives alone in a lonely village

23. 第四部分语法 Present perfect tense

24. 一、现在完成时的定义

25. 定义1：现在完成时态的含义是表示过去发生的或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。特点是既涉及过去，又联系现在：动作是过去发生的，结果是现在存在的。定义1：现在完成时态的含义是表示过去发生的或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。特点是既涉及过去，又联系现在：动作是过去发生的，结果是现在存在的。 She has gone. (她走了。)从这句话中动词所用的现在完成时态可以看出“走”的动作是过去发生的，而对现在所造成的结果是她不在这里了。

26. Look! The blackboard is so clean now. He has cleaned the blackboard. (他已经擦过黑板了。)这句话所表示的结果是黑板现在是干净的。 He speaks French so fluently. He learned it in Paris. He was there for two years.He has studied French. (他学过法语。)这句话所说明的结果是他现在懂法语。

27. 定义2：现在完成时态还表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在甚至将来。定义2：现在完成时态还表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在甚至将来。 Mike borrowed the books two days ago. Mike has kept the books for two days.

28. 二、现在完成时的构成1. 现在完成时的肯定句句型主语（第一、二人称单、复数)+have 主语（第三人称复数） +have+过去分词 主语（第三人称单数） +has 2. 现在完成时的否定句句型 主语+have/has+not+过去分词+…… I have not seen the movie yet. He hasn’t been to Beijing since then We have lived in Beijing. He has lived in Beijing. I have finished my homework.

29. 3.现在完成时的一般疑问句句型 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+…. Have you finished the work? Has she arrived here? 4.现在完成时的特殊疑问句句型 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+……. How many times have you been to the Great Wall?

30. 三、现在完成时的标志词

31. 标志词(1)：这种用法常与already, just, yet, ever, never, recently,before(句末)等连用 have done 1.I ________ (do) my homework already. 2.He _____________(not finished) his homework yet. 3.____you ever _____(be) to Beijing? 4.We ______ never ______ (see) such an exciting match before. 5.Mother _____ just _______(clean) the house. Please don’t come in. 6.They _________________(practice) this dialogue twice. has not finished been Have seen have has cleaned have practiced

32. 注意：当在肯定陈述句中含有already或just 时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的already 或just 去掉，在句末加上yet. 1I have seen the film already. I haven’t seen the film yet. 2I have done my homework already. I haven’t done my homework yet. 3.Mother has just cleaned the house. Mother hasn’t cleaned the house yet.

33. 标志词（2）：这种用法还可与for +一段时间, since+过去的时间点, these years, so far, in the past/last …years等连用 have learned 1.We __________ (learn) English for three years/ since two years ago/since 2000. 2.Mr. Green _________ (be) in China these years. 3.They ____________(write) 15 songs so far. 4.The population ____________ (grow) more slowly in the past ten years. has been have written has grown

34. Attention: since的用法 1. Since+ 过去某个时间（此时 since充当介词） Eg: He has been in this school since 1999. 2. Since+一段时间+ ago（此时 since充当介词） Eg: She has known Susan since seven years ago. 3. Since+ 从句 （此时 since充当连词）（此时主句使用完成时，从句则要使用过去时） Eg: I have lived here since I was born. 4.当主句的谓语动词为be或seem时，则主句要采用一般现在时,从句仍使用过去时。 Eg: It’s a long time since we left school.

35. have been to 曾经去过某地（已返回） Someone went to some place and has already come back have been in 去某地一段时间 someone stay in some place for some time have gone to 去了某地 （没有回来） Someone went to some place and is still there A B A Bstay A B

36. Conclusion 2、三者的常见用法 have been (to) + 地点+次数 have been (in) + 地点 + for/since have gone (to) + 地点 3、共同点 当后跟地点是副词 (home,here,there)时，介词 省略。

37. have/has gone to… have/has been in … have/has been to… 1.A: Where’s Jim, Li Lei? B: He ______________his school library. 2.The Greens _____________China for three years. We _____________the Great Wall twice. It’s very beautiful. has gone to have been in have been to

38. Translation: 她以前曾去过上海。 She has been to Shanghai before. 他在上海10年了。 He has been in Shanghai for ten years. 他去上海了。 He has gone to Shanghai.

39. 四、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别： 现在完成时，强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响，与现在有关。 一般过去时，仅仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。 他已学英语五年了。 He has studied English for five years. （说明他还继续学下去） 他曾学过五年英语。 He studied English for five years. （只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。）

40. 一般过去时与现在完成时有一些明显的时间状语： 遇到yesterday, Last year, in May, in+过去某一年，two days ago, just now等就用一般过去时。 当有 so far, in the past/ last few days(在过去/最近的几年里)，since接过去时间状语或过去时的句子等常用现在完成时。

41. 用所给词的适当形式填空： has worked He ____________(work) in our school for one year. He ______(come) to our school last year. They _______________(cook) the supper already. They ___________ (cook) the supper half an hour ago. came have cooked cooked

42. 五、动词的过去式和过去分词的构成:1. 规则变化 visited visited repaired repaired watched watched finished finished visit repair watch finish verb＋ed move live love like moved moved lived lived loved loved liked liked 以e结尾＋d

43. stop mop trap plan stopped stopped mopped mopped trapped trapped planned planned 双写＋ed 注:以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写最后一个辅音字母＋ed study hurry studied studied hurried hurried 去y＋ied 注:以辅音字母加y结尾的词,去y＋ied.

44. Exercises: bring buy fall feel speak think write brought brought bought bought fell fallen felt felt spoke spoken thought thought wrote written

45. 实力测验: 用所给词的适当形式填空 • They___________(go) to the cinema already. • Mr. And Mrs.Li _________________(not come) back yet. • John___________ (be)to the USA a few times. • We _______________ (not see)that film yet • I _______________ (not talk)to my cousin since last Friday. • You _________________ (not visit)me for a long time. have gone have not come has been have not seen have not talked have not visited

46. 7. Tom ___________ (buy) the bike for 2 years. 8.I (not finish) the work yet. 9. you (know) him since then? 10.I ________ (hear) from my father recently. 11.We ____ (be) there many times in the past 3 years. 12.The dog ________ (die) since 3 days ago. 13.They _____ (finish)the work so far. 14.How long you ____ (stay) at home yet? 15.I ________ (not read) the book before. 16. He just (do) it. 17.My sister ____ (walk) to school every day last year. 18.We ____ (have) an exam again sometime next week. 19.By 2012, we __________ (plant) 2000 trees. 20.Lucy _____ ___ (go) to Shanghai. She __ (leave) this morning. has had haven’t finished Have known have heard have been has been dead have finished have stayed haven’t read has done walked will have have planted has gone left

47. 第五部分 书面表达

48. 请以Changes to my hometown为题，根据提示，通过过去与现在的对比，写短文。

49. Changes to my hometown Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the years. In the past, the environment here was natural and beautiful. The rivers and lakes were clean and the air was fresh. People went to work on foot or by bike. They lived in small, old houses.

50. Now the small village has turned into a modern town. You can see many tall buildings and new roads in the town. People go to work by bus, taxi or car. Many people have moved into large, new flats. I hope my hometown will become more and more beautiful in the future.