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Atmospheric deposition Wet – rain and snow – effects on vegetation mediated through soil

Learn about the impacts of atmospheric deposition, both wet and dry, on vegetation mediated through soil critical loads. Discover the importance of biomonitoring to assess the extent and effects of deposition on plants in various regions. Explore how to evaluate spatial and temporal variations in deposition levels and their effects on vegetation. Utilize risk index models and lichen indices for effective monitoring and analysis.

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Atmospheric deposition Wet – rain and snow – effects on vegetation mediated through soil

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  1. Atmospheric deposition Wet – rain and snow – effects on vegetation mediated through soil Critical Loads Dry – gases (and particles) – add to total deposition and affect soils But …….also may have direct effects on vegetation, especially lichens and bryophytes Critical Levels – direct effects of air concentrations

  2. Why do biomonitoring? • to assess the extent of….. • wet or dry deposition, especially from identified sources • any effects on vegetation in a region • any effects linked to a particular source (spatial and/or temporal)

  3. What is ‘normal’? How can we assess spatial and temporal variation? spatial – what other factors (climate, soil, land use history….) are likely to affect measured values? temporal – how do measured properties vary with weather, time of day, time of year? Think about sampling strategy with these questions in mind Cape, J.N., 2009. Plants as Accumulators of Atmospheric Emissions, in: Legge, A.H. (Ed.), Air Quality and Ecological Impacts: Relating Sources to Effects. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 61-98.

  4. Use all the information available

  5. Use all the information available Risk Index based on foliar nutrition  = no visible injury     Thresholds for one-year old needles Ca < 0.3% dry weight N:Ca > 5 Mg < 0.05% dry weight N:Mg > 30 S:Ca > 0.4 (mass ratio) K:Ca > 2 S:Mg > 3 K:Mg > 15 R.I. increases from 0 (no risk) to 1 (high risk) 

  6. Use all the information available Use of lichen index LAN (number of ‘acidophyte’ – number of ‘nitrophyte’ species) to identify Critical Levels for ammonia

  7. Remember dry deposition and direct effects • (for correlation analysis the ‘causal’ variable is often the most uncertain) • Use all the information in statistical analysis

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