Chapter 25 – Review “Hydrocarbon Compounds”

1. Chapter 25 – Review“Hydrocarbon Compounds” Charles Page High School Dr. Stephen L. Cotton

2. Chapter 25 - Review • How many double covalent bonds are in an alkane? • How many valence electrons surround a carbon atom? • With how many covalent bonds does each carbon atom participate in an organic compound?

3. Chapter 25 - Review • How many carbons are in a molecule of hexane? • What is the name of the compound with the formula: • H H H H H H H • H-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-H • H H H H H H H

4. Chapter 25 - Review • What is the substituent on the following compound? CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl • What prefix is used to represent the substituent: CH3-CH2-CH2- • If a substituent appears 4 times in a compound, what prefix is used?

5. Chapter 25 - Review • Name the following: • CH3 CH3 • CH3 – CH – CH – CH - CH3 • CH3

6. Chapter 25 - Review • What is the IUPAC name for: • CH3 • CH2 – CH – CH2 – C - CH3 • CH3 CH3 CH2 • CH3

7. Chapter 25 - Review • What is the name of the compound: CH3CH(CH3)C(CH3)3 • What is the physical state of the smallest alkanes at room temperature? • What is the simplest hydrocarbon containing a carbon-carbon bond?

8. Chapter 25 - Review • The carbon-carbon bonds in alkanes are _____ to rotate. • What is the general formula for a continuous-chain alkane? • What is the simplest alkane? • What increment of change occurs between propane and butane in the alkane series?

9. Chapter 25 - Review • Name this: CH3 CH2 CH3 • A saturated continuous-chain hydrocarbon with seven carbons is ______. • Draw the condensed structural formula for 2,2,3-trimethylbutane.

10. Chapter 25 - Review • The name of an alkyl group that contains two carbon atoms is __. • Which of the following compounds is an isomer of butane: a) 2,2-diethylpropane, or b) 2-methylpropane • In which of the following is hexane most likely to dissolve: a) ethyl alcohol, or b) nonane

11. Chapter 25 - Review • Which of the following compounds has the lowest boiling point: a) 2-methylhexane, or b) 2,2,3-trimethylbutane • Why is a carbon-hydrogen bond essentially nonpolar? • Structural isomers have _____. • Hydrocarbons in general are ____ dense than water.

12. Chapter 25 - Review • Which is a structural isomer of hexane: a) 2,2-dimethylbutane, or b) 2-methylpentene • What is the name of the hydrocarbons with double covalent bonds? • What is the name of the hydrocarbons with double covalent bonds?

13. Chapter 25 - Review • Which of the following compounds is an unsaturated hydrocarbon: a) propyne, or b) nonane • What is the name of the smallest alkyne? • Which compound is an alkene: a) propanone, or b) nonene

14. Chapter 25 - Review • In which of the following compounds does rotation occur around a covalent bond between carbons: a) ethane, or b) ethene • An organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen and a triple bond (all others are single) is classified as a(n) ______.

15. Chapter 25 - Review • Which carbon is the assymetric carbon in the following: • CH2 - CH3 • H - C - CH3 • CH2 – CH2 - CH3

16. Chapter 25 - Review • Which carbon is the assymetric carbon in the following: • CH3 CH2 - CH3 • H - C – C - OH • OH OH

17. Chapter 25 - Review • What is the configuration (cis- or trans-) of the following: • Cl Cl • C = C • H H

18. Chapter 25 - Review • What is the configuration (cis- or trans-) of the following: • H Cl • C = C • Cl H

19. Chapter 25 - Review • Name the following compound: • HC-CH • HC C-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 • HC=CH

20. Chapter 25 - Review • Name the following compound: • HC-C-CH2-CH3 • HC C-CH2-CH3 • HC=CH

21. Chapter 25 - Review • Name the following compound: • CH3 -C-CH • HC C-CH2-CH3 • HC=CH

22. Chapter 25 - Review • Hydrocarbons containing a saturated carbon ring are called _____ hydrocarbons. • What type of hydrocarbon is the following compound: • CH3–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH3

23. Chapter 25 - Review • What compound is the simplest of the arenes? • Which of the following molecules does NOT display resonance: a) cyclohexane, or b) benzene • Which type of coal has the highest carbon content? • What is the main hydrocarbon component of natural gas?