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Geology 3120 - Rock Fabric

Geology 3120 - Rock Fabric. Objectives. Attitudes of Fabric Cleavage Lineations Foliations. Fabrics. Fabrics. Fabrics. Fabrics. Cleavage. General definition - closely-spaced, aligned, planar to curviplanar penetrative surfaces

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Geology 3120 - Rock Fabric

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  1. Geology 3120 - Rock Fabric

  2. Objectives • Attitudes of Fabric • Cleavage • Lineations • Foliations

  3. Fabrics

  4. Fabrics

  5. Fabrics

  6. Fabrics

  7. Cleavage • General definition - closely-spaced, aligned, planar to curviplanar penetrative surfaces • Continuous verses disjunctive cleavage - planar verses non-planar • Mechanical realignment and growth of clay minerals • Pressure dissolution process

  8. Slaty Cleavage Mechanical alignment and growth of clay minerals

  9. Slaty Cleavage Where is the bedding?

  10. Slaty Cleavage Where is the cleavage?

  11. Slaty Cleavage What direction is the nearest anticline?

  12. Pressure Dissolution Cleavage Extensional veins shortened in silt

  13. Axial Planar Cleavage Identify the folds

  14. Axial Planar Cleavage Identify the cleavage

  15. Axial Planar Cleavage Identify the axial surfaces

  16. Axial Planar Cleavage

  17. Axial Planar Cleavage

  18. Bedding Axial Planar Cleavage Axial Surfaces

  19. Cleavage Vergence Central East West

  20. Cleavage Vergence West Central East

  21. Cleavage Vergence Central West East

  22. Cleavage Vergence Central East West

  23. Pressure Solution Cleavage - Limestone Insoluble material is typically contained in the stylolite

  24. Introduction to Lineations • One-Dimensional Features • Slickenline lineations • Fault grooves • Stretched conglomerates • Boudins

  25. Slickenline Lineations Calcite mineral growth on a fault plane

  26. Grooves Grooves are parallel to strike What type of fault is this?

  27. Stretched Conglomerates Rock has a foliation, lineation depends on whether clasts are disc- or rod-shaped

  28. Boudins

  29. Introduction to Foliations • Bring in the next dimension • Deformation or organization of grains with respect to a two-dimensional surface • Foliations in addition to lineations may yield information about the stretching direction

  30. Foliations with Lineations

  31. References Slides 3 - 6: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/describing/lin-plane.htm Slide 1, 8 - 11: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/cleavage/slatey.htm Slide 12: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/dmt/psolncleav.htm Slides 13 - 16: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/folds/describing/cleavage/cleavage.htm Slide 17 - 20: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/folds/describing/cleavage/cleaverge.htm Slide 21: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/dmt/stilolite.htm Slide 23: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/faults/strifibres.htm Slide 24: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/faults/grooves.htm Slide 25: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/vasgo/congs.htm Slide 26: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/extend/boudyke.htm Slide 26: http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/strain/gallery/boudin.html Slide 28:http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/vasgo/myllin.htm Slide 29:http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/minor/ductile/gallery/plattgen.htm

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