Cells In Living Things Unit Cell Theory’s 3 Parts All living things are composed of cells .

1. Cells In Living Things Unit Cell Theory’s 3 Parts All living things are composed of cells. 2.Cells are the basic units of structure and function. 3.New cells are produced from existing cells. Scheildan, Schwann,and Virchow

2. Basic Cell Structure • There are many differences between cells. Cells have different shapes & functions • ALL cells have the following: cell membrane & cytoplasm Stem Cells

3. 2 Types of Cells • Prokaryotes • Usually smaller • Have cell membrane and cytoplasm • No nuclei (nucleus) • Ex. All bacteria E. Coli • No membrane bound organelles

4. Ecoli Salmonella

5. 2 Types of Cells • Eukaryotes • Usually bigger • Have cell membrane and cytoplasm • Do contain a nuclei (nucleus) • Ex. Animals, humans & plants • Have membrane bound organelles

6. Eukaryotic Cells

7. What types of cells are these?

8. 3 Types of Cell Movement • Flagellum Long whip-like structure that is used for movement. Ex. sperm

9. 3 Types of Cell Movement • Cilium- Short hair-like projections, that are used for movement.

10. 3 Types of Cell Movement • Pseudopods Temporary projections of cytoplasm Ex. Amoebas

11. Cilia? Flagellum? Or Psuedopods?

12. Cell Organelles(Mini “organs” inside a cell) • Cytoplasm Gel-like substance Ex. Fruit + Jell-O Organelles Cytoplasm

13. Cell Parts • Nucleus = “Brain” Control Center

14. Cell Parts • Cell Membrane = “Skin” All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane. A thin layer of lipid & protein that separatesthecells contents from the outside environment. • Made up of a phospholipid bi-layer • Head = hydrophilic = water loving • Tail = hydrophobic = water hating

15. Cell Parts • Cell Wall – • Provides support and protection for PLANT cells • Only in plant cells • Chloroplast – Organelle that captures the energy from sun-light and converts it into chemical energy • Found in plant cells only

16. Cell Parts • Centriole – Helps organize cell division /reproduction • Vacuole – Sac-like structures which store materials such as H2O, salt, and other organic molecules Larger vacuoles = plants Smaller vacuoles = animals

17. Cell Parts • Mitochondria – Power house of cell Converts chemical energy from food into compounds easier for the cell to use ATP (adenine triphosphate) • Ribosomes – Makes proteins Located in the cytoplasm “free” Also located on the RER

18. 2 Types of Endoplasmic Reticulum • Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum • “ER” / “SER – Smooth = no ribosomes Makes lipids & carbohydrates Makes poisons, waste & other toxic chemical harmless Helps transport materials through the cell

19. 2 Types of Endoplasmic Reticulum • Rough Endoplasmic • Reticulum “RER” – Rough = ribosomes Makes proteins & modifies proteins

20. Cell Parts • Lysosomes– Food particles are digested by enzymes Old organelles are decomposed Old organelles go through absorption (meaning they are absorbed into the cell to be recycled.) Filled with enzymes

21. Cell Parts • Golgi Apparatus / Golgi Complex – Made proteins are sent to their final destinations or out of the cell