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Kinematics

Kinematics. Description of Motion. Linear Motion. Motion in a straight line Can be described using speed or velocity Speed is a scalar value: magnitude (amount) Velocity is a vector value: magnitude & direction Velocity = displacement time. Velocity = displacement v = d

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Kinematics

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  1. Kinematics Description of Motion

  2. Linear Motion • Motion in a straight line • Can be described using speed or velocity • Speed is a scalar value: magnitude (amount) • Velocity is a vector value: magnitude & direction Velocity = displacement time

  3. Velocity = displacement v = d time t Velocity measured in units of m/s or km/h Displacement measured in m Time measured in seconds or hours Journal: Rearrange the velocity equation to solve for distance: d = vt Rearrange the velocity equation to solve for time: t = d v

  4. Journal: Problem Solving Format Given Formula Substitution Answer & Units

  5. Journal: A car travelled 6 km in 1.5 hrs. Find the velocity of the car. Given Formula Substitution Answer & Units d = t =

  6. Journal: A car travelled 6 km in 1.5 hrs. Find the velocity of the car. Given Formula Substitution Answer & Units d = 6 mi t = 1.5 hr 2 points

  7. Journal: A car travelled 6 km in 1.5 hrs. Find the velocity of the car. Given Formula Substitution Answer & Units d = 6 mi v = d t = 1.5 hr t 2 points 1 point

  8. Journal: A car travelled 6 km in 1.5 hrs. Find the velocity of the car. Given Formula Substitution Answer & Units d = 6 mi v = d v = 6 km t = 1.5 hr t 1.5 hr 2 points 1 point 1 point

  9. Journal: A car travelled 6 km in 1.5 hrs. Find the velocity of the car. Given Formula Substitution Answer & Units d = 6 mi v = d v = 6 km 4 km t = 1.5 hr t 1.5 hr hr 2 points 1 point 1 point 2 points

  10. Your Turn: A skateboarder travelled 3 km in 0.5 hrs. Find the velocity of the skateboarder. Given Formula Substitution Answer & Units

  11. Your Turn: A skateboarder travelled 3 km in 0.5 hrs. Find the velocity of the skateboarder. Given Formula Substitution Answer & Units d = 3 km v = d v = 3 km v = 1.5 km t = 0.5 hrs t 0.5 hrs hr

  12. Motion • When an object begins moving or stops moving, naturally we look for a cause . • What might be that cause???

  13. Motion • When an object begins moving or stops moving, naturally we look for a cause . • That cause is a push or a pull.

  14. Force (F) • Any push or pull • Measured in Newtons (N) • 1 Newton = 1 kg·m s2 Example wording: Mrs. Williams pushed the cart with a force of 5 newtons. F = 5 N

  15. Force is a vector quantity. • Journal: What does this mean? • It has magnitude (quantity) and direction

  16. Friction: a force that acts between materials as they move past each other. • With out friction, velocity would be constant in the horizontal direction.

  17. Newton’s 1st Law Law of Inertia An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion, unless acted on by an outside force.

  18. Moving objects continue to move with constant velocity in the absence of a stopping force!!!!

  19. Journal Review Question: What might cause an object to stop its motion? What forces are acting against it?

  20. Journal: Consider a small lightweight car and a heavy truck travelling at 100 mph. Think……. Which car will require more force to stop its motion?

  21. Think about a soccer ball at rest and a bowling ball at rest….. Give both a sharp kick. What will be your result???? The soccer ball will have greater acceleration than the bowling ball. The two results differ because the masses differ!

  22. Mass – A measure of Inertia • Mass: the quantity of matter in an object. • measured in grams (g) • ↑ mass an object has, ↑ Inertia • mass  inertia

  23. Weight: measure of force of gravity on an object. Weight = mass x gravity w = m·g Gravity: 9.8 m/s2 = 9.8 N/kg 1 kg = 9.8 N

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