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Significant Trends in RFID & Wireless Sensor Networks

Significant Trends in RFID & Wireless Sensor Networks. Craig K. Harmon. Presentation posted at http://www.autoid.org/presentations/presentations.htm. Craig K. Harmon • President & CEO Q.E.D. Systems . Chair, ISO TC 122 /WG 10 - Supply Chain Applications of RFID

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Significant Trends in RFID & Wireless Sensor Networks

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  1. Significant Trends in RFID & Wireless Sensor Networks Craig K. Harmon Presentation posted at http://www.autoid.org/presentations/presentations.htm

  2. Craig K. Harmon • President & CEOQ.E.D. Systems • Chair, ISO TC 122/WG 10 - Supply Chain Applications of RFID • Chair, RFID Experts Group (REG) • Founder, JTC 1/SC 31 • Chair, JTC 1/SC 31/WG 6 - Mobile Item Identification and Management • Chair, ISO TC 122/WG 4 (Shipping Labels) & ISO TC 122/WG 7 (Product Packaging) • Vice-chair, ASC MH 10 and U.S. TAG to ISO TC 122 (Packaging) • Senior Project Editor ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4 (RFID) • Chair, U.S. TAG to ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4 (RFID) • JTC 1/SC 31 & TC 104 Liaison Officer to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU-R & ITU-T) • Project Editor, ISO 18185-5 (Electronic Container Seal - Physical Layer) • Joint Automotive Industry Forum (JAIF) JAMA/JAPIA/AIAG/ODETTE) – Returnable Transport Items • AIAG Bar Code, Applications, 2D, Tire, Returnables, & RFID Committees • Member, EPCglobal HAG (UHFGen2), FMCG BAG, HLS BAG, SAG, TLS, TDS, AIWG, SBAC • ISO TC 104 & 122 (Freight Containers / Packaging) Liaison Officer to JTC 1/SC 31 • Past Chair, ASC INCITS T6 (RFID) - ANS INCITS 256:1999, 2001 • Advisor and Member of USPS Strategic Technology Council • Chairman & Project Editor, ANS MH10.8.2 (Data Application Identifiers) • Original Project Editor, NATO STANAG 2233 (RFID for NATO Asset Tracking) • Vocabulary Rapporteur to ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31, ISO/IEC 19762 - Harmonized vocabulary • CompTIA RFID Subject Matter Expert and RFID Certified Professional (CRCP) - RFID+ • Recipient of the 2004 Richard Dilling Award This presentation posted at: http://www.autoid.org/presentations/presentations.htm

  3. MY LAST PRESENTATION

  4. October 4, 2007The Future of Mobile RFID • Universal translation • Interference sensing, frequency agnostic radios? • Higher speed networks • Future power sources

  5. Two Years and Two Days LaterA Brief Update (Mobile RFID) • Universal translation – Not yet being talked about . . . maybe it is a communication’s problem! 이제까지붙잡는다더나은계속바다안에물고기있는다 Будутрыбывмореболеелучшемчемвсегдаулавливайте There are fish in the sea better than have ever been caught

  6. Two Years and Two Days LaterA Brief Update (Mobile RFID) • Interference sensing, frequency agnostic radios? – ITU-T WRC-2012 addressing software defined radio, the precursor to intelligent software defined radio/cognitive radio

  7. Two Years and Two Days LaterA Brief Update (Mobile RFID) • Higher speed networks – 4G networks (supposed to be >100 mbit/s between any two points in the world) evolving in the U.S. but at a small fraction of the speed (12 mbit/s) and then only isolated coverage

  8. Two Years and Two Days LaterA Brief Update (Mobile RFID) • Future power sources – Energy harvesting from the environment is beginning, but not yet commercially viable

  9. Trends in 2009/2010

  10. Trends in Wireless Sensor Networks • Sensors • ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 6 • Adoption of IEEE standards • IEEE 1451 • IEEE 802.15 • Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) • Working cooperatively with SC 31/WG 6 • JTC 1 Study Group on Sensor Networks (SGSN) • Will most likely become a Working Group under JTC 1 • U.S. to offer secretariat and chair • Competitive developments expected within international with M2M activities • ETSI TC M2M/Smart Embedded Device Communication Standards • TIA

  11. Trends in RFID • Radio-frequency identification, including Real Time Locating Systems (RTLS) • ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4 • ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 5 • EPCglobal • Ubiquitous RFID • Near-field Communications (NFC) • ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 6

  12. The HypeCycle Peak of Inflated Expectations Visibility Plateau of Productivity Q.E.D. Systems’ RFID Today! Gartner 2005 Gartner 2008 • Slope of Enlightenment • Technology Hype Cycle Source: Jackie Fenn, Gartner Group Trough of Disillusionment Technology Trigger Time People have a tendency to overestimate technology in the short term and underestimate it in the long term

  13. Wireless CommunicationsStandards and Regulations Regulations • International regulations – ITU-R • Regional regulations – ETSI • National regulations – MIC, SRCC, METI, FCC Standards - International • JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4 – RFID • JTC 1/SC 31/WG 5 – RTLS • JTC 1/SC 31/WG 6 – MIIM/Sensors • JTC 1/SC 6 – Networking • ITU-T SG 16 • IETF

  14. International Frequency Allocation840 – 960 MHz

  15. EU Commission Issues Recommendation on RFID, Privacy and Data Protection SPYCHIPS: How Major Corporations and Government Plan to Track Your Every Purchase and Watch Your Every Move THE SPYCHIPS THREAT: Why Christians Should Resist RFID and ElectronicSurveillance "Songdo City's anonymous tracking infrastructure could quickly be turned to new purposes, and its people could become virtual prisoners of their own technological creations…" —Liz McIntyre Privacy & Security

  16. Social issue - Privacy • Privacy & Convenience are much akin to Freedom & Safety, where each are at polar ends of a continuum. One cannot have both complete freedom and maximized safety, just as one cannot have complete privacy and maximized convenience. • The issue of privacy must become an issue of Personally Identifiable Information (PII), not of the technology • Credit cards and mobile telephones are far easier to inappropriately accessPersonally Identifiable Information (PII).

  17. EU Privacy Recommendations • Kill the tag at point-of-sale. Lose all post-sales benefit • Instead of killing, why not reduce the range electronically • This is not just a European issue, because non-European manufacturers are subject to the same lost post-sales benefit • Locations using RFID to be identified

  18. Social issue – PrivacyWhat Can We Do? • Provide packaging that reflects its content; if there is an embedded RFID tag, signal its presence with the RFID Emblem. • Follow government and industry discussions regarding disclosure Generic Emblem 18000-6C - 17366

  19. Social issue - Security • Security has been explained in ISO/IEC TR 24729-4 and standardization is being proposed inSC 31/WG 7 • ISO/IEC 29167 for RFID • Sensor security addressed in ISO/IEC 21451-7

  20. Social issue - Security • Risks include: • Confidentiality • A loss of confidentiality is the unauthorized disclosure of information. • Integrity • A loss of integrity is the unauthorized modification or destruction of information. • Availability • A loss of availability is the disruption of access to or use of information or an information system. • Authentication • Ensuring that a tag’s data can only be accessed byauthorized individuals/systems.

  21. Social issue - Security • Threats include: • Skimming data • Eavesdropping • Spoofing • Cloning • Data tampering • Insertion of executable code or virus • Denial of access or service • Unauthorized killing of tag • Jamming or shielding

  22. Social issue - Security • Countermeasures include: • Wafer programming (true WORM) • ISO Tag ID verification • License plate • Memory lock • Password protection • Authentication • Cloaking • Encryption • Limitation of read distance

  23. A Scenario for Password Distribution Authorities Server (Departure) Digital Signature Server (Arrival) ⑦Key Transmission (Push) IPsec XML/EDI IPSec XML/EDI DB ③Signature Req ④Signature Res ⑭Verification Res ①Tag ID Req Reader A IPsec ②Tag ID Res RF tag ⑬Verification Req ⑤ePP Req ⑨Tag ID Req Reader B IPsec ⑥ePP Res ⑩Tag ID Res RF tag ⑧Shipping ⑪Tag Req ⑫Tag Res

  24. Social issue - SecurityWhat Can We Do? • Remain aware of which technologies provide which levels of security. • Prior to implementing RFID security for any customer, ensure that they know what they are doing with security. • At this moment, a simple method of security is not available. • Follow legal and technical developments

  25. International Journal of Radio Frequency Identification Technology and Applications, Vol. 1, No. 3, Electromagnetic compatibility of pacemakers and implantable cardiac defibrillators exposed to RFID readers • Draft Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff — Radio-Frequency Wireless Technology in Medical Devices • JAISA and Hokkaido University Report • Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) • Effects of Mobile Radio and Wireless Communication of the Competence Initiative for the Protection of Mankind, Environment and Democracy. • Cellphones and Brain Tumors 15 Reasons for Concern • IEEE Spectrum - RFID Systems May Disrupt the Function of Medical Devices HEALTH and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)

  26. Mobile towers threatening honey bees in Kerala • Trivandrum, Aug 31 (PTI) Mobile towers are posing a threat to honey bees in Kerala with electromagnetic radiation from mobile towers and cell phones having the potential to kill worker bees that go out to collect nectar from flowers, says a study. A plunge in beehive population has been reported from different parts of Kerala and if measures are not taken to check mushrooming of mobile towers, bees could be wiped out from Kerala within a decade, environmentalist and Reader in Zoology, Dr SainudeenPattazhy says in one of his experiments he found that when a mobile phone was kept near a beehive it resulted in collapse of the colony in five to 10 days, with the worker bees failing to return home, leaving the hives with just queens, eggs and hive-bound immature bees. Earth called. IT Said Thanks! SAMSUNG ReCLAIM AD – Wired Magazine – 10/09

  27. Social issue - Health • Test Protocol suites have been identified • RF emissions and the susceptibility of active implantable medical devices, e.g. ICDs, pacemakers, artificial pancreas . . .  • RF emissions and the susceptibility of electronic medical equipment, e.g. EEGs, EKGs . . .  • RF emissions and the susceptibility of in vitro diagnostic equipment, e.g. electronic blood glucose meters, electronic test kits used in hospital laboratories • Human physiology, blood, vaccines, and pharmaceuticals • These Test Protocols initially will focus on the 11 different ISO/IEC standards for RFID and RTLS and will also explore IEEE 802.11.

  28. Social issue - Health • Test Protocols to be developed in support of existing ISO and IEC standards • Test Protocols to be submitted to the U.S. FDA for approval • Certification will commence approximately six months from the inauguration of the project • Test Labs will work with manufacturers of medical devices, clinical instruments, and RF emitters to take the necessary steps to permit electromagnetic compatibility • Those devices certified as benign to a health care setting will be promoted

  29. Social issue - Health • Two prestigious test labs bifurcating the work effort • Georgia Tech Research Institute • MET Labs • RF emitter manufacturers loan systems that rotating among the Test Labs; may secure certification with the lab • Medical device manufacturer’s may secure certification with Test Lab

  30. ???

  31. Thank you!!! Craig K. Harmon, President & CEO Q.E.D. Systems 3963 Highlands Lane, SE Cedar Rapids, IA 52403-2140 USA (V): +1 319/364-0212 (M): +1 319/533-8092 (E): craig.harmon@qed.org (U): http://www.autoid.org

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