Chapter 2: The Fall of Rome

1. Chapter 2: The Fall of Rome

2. Learning Goal: • Analyzethe contributions of the Roman Empire in government, engineering, and architecture using PowerPointandCornell notes. • Why does this matter? Because the contributions the Romans made in these areas have a direct affect on our lives today.

4. Accomplishments and Contributions of the Roman Empire GOVERNMENT Citizens – (citizenship) are people who can participate in gov.t Rights  hold public office, vote Duties  pay taxes, serve in the army Emperors often gave citizenship to conquered peoples  they feel grateful to the Emperor  people become loyal to Rome  citizenship keeps the empire strong

5. Equal treatment for all citizens Importance of written laws & separation of powers Where do you think we got the idea for the separation of powers from?

6. ENGINEERING Durable roads and bridges Aqueducts to move water Building designs that inspired later societies

7. Aqueducts

8. ARCHITECTURE Large and strong buildings Columns and open spaces

9. Buildings today California State Capital Building Houston Astrodome

10. Learning Goal check: • Analyzethe contributions of the Roman Empire in government, engineering, and architecture using PowerPointandCornell notes. • What are the contributions made by the Romans in government, engineering, and architecture? • Gov’t: idea of citizenship, written laws, and equal treatment of citizens. • Engineering: good roads and bridges, aqueducts, buildings that inspire later societies. • Architecture: large strong buildings, columns and open spaces.

11. Learning Goal: • Analyzethe contributions of the Roman Empire in art, philosophy, and the preservation of Christianity using PowerPointandCornell notes. • Why does this matter? Because the contributions the Romans made in these areas have a direct affect on our lives today.

12. D. ART Realistic statues Lifelike portraits

13. E. PHILOSOPHY Improving peoples lives Stoic philosophy emphasized peoples civic duties (act for the good of the city/empire) – and not just for yourself!

14. F. THE PRESERVATION AND EXPANSION OF CHRISTIANITY • Christianity began in the region of Judea – located on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea

15. The Spread of Christianity Timeline • Romans execute Jesus of Nazareth

16. Followers of Jesus spread Christianity throughout the Roman Empire  it spreads easily because of roads and stability within the empire

17. Romans try to stop the spread of Christianity

18. Roman emperor Constantinople converts to Christianity • Christianity becomes the official religion of Roman Empire

19. The Pope becomes the head of the Christian Church

20. Learning Goal check: • What are the contributions made by the Romans in art, philosophy, and the preservation of Christianity? • Art: Realistic statues & Lifelike portraits • Philosophy: improving peoples lives and emphasizing peoples civic duties • Preservation of Christianity: it gave it a place to spread and take hold.

21. The Fall of the Western Roman Empire

22. Learning Goal: • Analyzethe regions of world ruled by the Romans at its height and the problems of ruling a large empire using PowerPoint and Cornell notes • Why this matters? Because questions still exist about how to best govern a large number of people spread out over great distances.

23. A. PROBLEMS IN THE EMPIRE Barbarians began attacking Rome’s northern borders Persian armies were invading in the east The cost of defending against these invasions became too expensive

24. Not enough people to left to farm  too many off fighting Taxes increased to help pay for the army

25. Diocletian (200 AD) believed the empire was too difficult for one ruler, so he divided it into 2 parts – Western and Eastern Constantine reunited the two parts and moved the capital city from Rome east and built Constantinople

26. Constantinople

27. 7. 408 AD - Rome was destroyed by the Goths a. other barbarian groups continued to invade (Huns, Franks, Vandals) 8. Roman military leaders gained control of parts of the empire and fought both the barbarians and each other for power. 9. 476 AD - a barbarian general overthrew the last Roman emperor and crowned himself king of Italy – this event is considered the end of the western Roman Empire.

28. B. Why the Western Roman Empire Fell • Became to big to govern effectively • Corruption becomes common • Rich citizens leave Rome for country estates • Taxes and prices rise • Barbarians begin invading empire

29. Learning Goal Check: • Analyzethe regions of world ruled by the Romans at its height and the problems of ruling a large empire. • What caused the eventual collapse of the Western Roman Empire?

30. The Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire) A. Moving the Capital • Constantine moved the capital from Rome to Constantinople in the east

31. Learning Goal: • Analyzethe development of Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire. • Why does this matter? • Because the Byzantine Empire preserved much of the information we know about Roman history today.

32. The Western Empire fell, but Constantinople and the eastern empire (Byzantine Empire) remained Constantinople

33. Its location between Europe and Asia allowed it to control trade and grow in wealth and power.

34. Emperor Justinian reunited the empires, but it was lost soon after his death • Justinian Code – a legal system of Christian and Roman laws, fair treatment for all • Hagia Sophia – the most famous of Byzantine churches

35. The Hagia Sophia • The Eastern Roman Empire is also known as the Byzantine Empire because Constantinople was built on top of the old Greek city of Byzantium

37. The end of the Byzantine Empire came in 1453 when the Ottoman Turks conquered Constantinople

38. Learning Goal Check • Analyzethe development of Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire. • Who built Constantinople? • Constantine • How/why did it become so rich and powerful? • Its location between Europe and Asia allowed it to control trade and grow in wealth and power

39. Learning Goal: • Compare and Contrastthe Eastern Orthodox Church with the Roman Catholic Church.

40. C. As time moved on, the two empires became very different