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1/7 QOD

1/7 QOD. Describe how modern energy demands have changed in the last 250 years. The History o f Energy and our Current situation. First Law of Thermodynamics. First Law: Energy cannot be created or destroyed . Energy Flows through Systems

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1/7 QOD

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  1. 1/7 QOD Describe how modern energy demands have changed in the last 250 years.

  2. The History of Energy and our Current situation

  3. First Law of Thermodynamics • First Law: Energy cannot be created or destroyed. • Energy Flows through Systems Sun  Plants  geologic forces  coal  human effort  power plant  electricity  toaster  toast  you  heat, walking around, talking, thinking, etc. • Energy can change form Nuclear light chemicalmechanicalchemical mechanical heatmechanical electrical heatchemical heat, mechanical, sound, chemical, etc.

  4. Second Law of Thermodynamics • When energy is converted from one form to another, a less useful form results (a decrease in energy quality). • Energy cannot be recycled to a higher quality. • Only 20% of the energy in gasoline is converted to mechanical energy. The rest is lost as heat (low quality energy) • Heat is the by-product of most energy conversions

  5. Energy Needs • Energy demands are continually increasing • All societies on Earth want better standards of living • Requires Energy • Diverse sources of energy can meet these increasing demands

  6. Historical U.S. Energy Consumption

  7. 1964 Prediction of Oil Production

  8. Energy and International Politics • As of the mid-1960s, the U.S. was no longer self-sufficient in energy and begins to import oil. • This generates instability in the U.S. economy with numerous "oil crises" • 1973: OPEC embargo in response to western support of Israel • 1979: Iranian Revolution • 1990: First Gulf War • 2000-2001: Deregulation of California energy industry leads to corporate corruption • 2006-2008: Political instability in Venezuela, Iran, and Iraq; increased demand by India and China

  9. Oil Crises & the Economy • A 5% decrease in Imported Oil will cause an Energy/Oil Crisis. • All Oil Crises have resulted in high rates of inflation followed by recessions • In 1998, the U.S. began to import more oil than what it produced domestically. • According to the EIA, the current recession is the result of 2 factors: • 2006-2008 Oil shortage • Sub-prime mortgage crisis

  10. Present Global Energy Use

  11. Worldwide Energy Supply (tW)

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