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The iphone

Projection keyboard. Andriod. The iphone. Mobile Computing. MyVu. Portable projectors. The iPad. Chapter Outline . Definition Trends of computing Mobile devices Mobile computing issues & Challenges Mobile computing applications & platforms Mobile OS. What is computing?.

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The iphone

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  1. Projection keyboard Andriod The iphone • Mobile Computing MyVu Portable projectors The iPad

  2. Chapter Outline • Definition • Trends of computing • Mobile devices • Mobile computing issues & Challenges • Mobile computing applications & platforms • Mobile OS

  3. What is computing? The activity of performing computations. OR Computing can also be defined as the activity of using computer hardware and software for some purpose .

  4. Computing Trend Size Number One Computer for One Person (PC Computing) One Computer for Many People (Mainframe Computing) Many Computer for One Person (Pervasive Computing) 1960’s 1980’s 2000’s

  5. Existing computing paradigms Personal Computing Parallel Computing Super Computing Distributed Computing Cloud Computing Mobile Computing Autonomic Computing Pervasive Computing

  6. Computing Paradigms… Personal computing system • refers to the use of personal computers for Computation. Characterized by • Local software installation, • Local system maintenance • Customizable to user needs • Very low utilization

  7. Computing Paradigms… Distributed computing : • refers to the use of distributed systems to solve computational problems. Distributed system • consists of multiple autonomous computers that communicate through a computer network. • it appears to its users as a single coherent system.

  8. Distributed computing example: surfingthe webfrom different terminals on university . Each web page consists of hypertext, pictures, movies and elements anywhere on the internet

  9. Distributed computing…

  10. Distributed computing… Distributed systems are characterized by: • remote information access (Message passing ) • High availability (replication , mirrored execution, ...) • fault tolerance (atomic transactions, consistency …) • Security

  11. Computing Paradigms… Parallel Computing • Calculations of large problems are divided into smaller parts and carried out simultaneously /concurrently on different processors. Characterized by • Shared memory (to exchange information between processors)

  12. Parallel Computing

  13. Computing Paradigms… What is Mobile Computing? • Mobile • Able to move freely. • usually Wireless is need to move freely . • Computing • The activity of performing computations. • A simple answer => • Performing computation in mobile units

  14. Mobile Computing • Using: • small size portable computers, hand-helds and other small wearable devices, • To run stand-alone applications (or access remote applications) via: • wireless networks: IR, BlueTooth, W-LANs, Cellular, W-Packet Data networks, SAT. etc. • By: • nomadic or mobile users (animals, agents, trains, cars, cell phones, ….)

  15. Mobile Computing • Three basic components • Networks: communication • Devices and computing units :mobile • Applications :Computation

  16. Computing Paradigms… • Pervasive/Ubiquitous computing • is about the invisible and everywhere (every time) computing • Ubiquitous= “seeming to be in all places” • Pervasive= “present or noticeable in every part of a thing or place”

  17. Pervasive computing … Characteristics • Invisible: tiny, embedded, attachable… • Everywhere: wireless, dynamically configurable, remote access, adapting, … “It is about making computers so embedded, so fitting, so natural that we use them without even thinking about them.”

  18. Pervasive computing Example • A simple example is the automatic adjustment of heating, cooling and lighting levels in a room based on an occupant’s profile. • refrigerators "aware" of their suitably tagged contents, able to both plan a variety of menus from the food actually on hand, and warn users of stale or spoiled food.

  19. Pervasive computing Characterized by : • Context Awareness (physical location, physiological state, emotional state,….. distraction-free) • Ad-hoc Networks • Smart Spaces,(equipped with visual and audio sensing systems ) • Smart Sensors, Wearables…

  20. Cloud Computing • “Cloud computing provides computation, software, data access, and storage services that do not require end-user knowledge of the physical location and configuration of the system that delivers the services.” • Cloud computing characteristics: Agility, Reduced Cost, Device And Location Independence, On-demand Scalability And Performance

  21. Cloud computing http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cloud_computing.svg

  22. Mobile Devices

  23. Mobile devices • A mobile device (a.k.a. handheld device, handheld computer) is a pocket-sized computing device, typically having a display screen with touch input or a miniature keyboard. • Due to the rapid advancement of the technology its hard to make a specific classifications of mobile devices.

  24. Different types of mobile devices • Laptop • Notebook • Netbook • Ultra-Mobile PC • Communication devices • pager • Smartphone • PDA &Pocket PC • cell phone • Cordless phone • Tablet PC • E-book readers

  25. Laptops, Notebook, & Netbooks Laptops: 1991 Notebooks: 1996 Netbooks: 2006

  26. Mobile devices… • Laptop in general • is a small personal computer designed for portability. • Usually all of the interface hardware(ports, graphics card, sound channel, etc.,) are built in to a single unit. • Contain  batteries that can power the device for some periods of time. • upgrade is usually difficult/impossible. ( Keyboard / display)

  27. Laptop… Notebook • Screen -(10” and above) • Purpose- (multi- purpose) • Weight – (light) • Computing power (high ) • heavy multi-tasking loads e.gcreating and editing HD video or computer aided engineering SWs. • contain high capacity batteries. 

  28. Laptop… Netbook • Screen -(7”-10”) • Purpose • (limited,.. internet, basic applications) • Weight – (very light) • Computing power (low ) • Used for basic applications. E.g. Office applications • Longer battery life. 

  29. Laptop… Ultra mobile-pcs(UMPCs) • Screen -(4”-7”) • Purpose • (very limited,…, Internet, veiw info) • Weight –(very very light) • Computing power (very low ) • Used for basic applications. E.g. Office applications • Longer battery life.  • UMPCs are pocketable! • reduced specification (lack CD-drive, LAN )

  30. Communication devices… • Pager • Beeper • because of the sound it made • Voice Tone Pagers • Recorded Voice message. • Numeric Pagers • can display up to twenty digits at a time. • Alphanumeric Pagers • modified versions of numeric pagers with sophisticated display to accommodate text

  31. Communication devices… • Two-way Alphanumeric pagers •  are alphanumeric pagers capable of both sending & receiving text messages. • Still used in • emergency services .fire & police stations. • large hospital complex, where cellular coverage is often weak or nonexistent • Fancy Restaurant( waiting staff )

  32. Communication devices… Mobile phone/cellphone • Provides • voice communications, • Short Message Service (SMS), • Multimedia Message Service (MMS), • newer phones also provide • Internet services • Web browsing, instant messaging capabilities & • e-mail.

  33. Communication devices… PDA: Personal Digital Assistant • designed primarily to provide the functionality of maintaining appointments, tasks, contacts, etc. • usually pen-based,(use a stylus rather than a keyboard for input) • Today PDAs function as a • cellular phone, fax sender, Web browser and personal organizer. • Traditional PDAs have not had phone or fax services • Pocket PC: A type of PDA/smartphone which runs WindowsMobileas its operating system.

  34. Smart Phones

  35. Communication devices… Smart phone • traditional PDA + cellular phone • combines standard phone features, such as making and receiving phone calls, with computer functionality. • Incorporates • Wi-Fi access, email, calendars and • GPS • let you store information & install programs

  36. Smart phone Functionality • Voice calls (of course), Video calls • Local File Storage • Internet/Cloud Services • Office Computing • eBook Reader • Multimedia Player • Digital Audio/Video Recorder • Location Based Services • Context awareness

  37. Communication devices… • Cordless telephone is a telephone with a wireless handset that communicates via radio wave with base station connected to a fixed telephone line

  38. Mobile devices… Tablet PC • portable personal computer equipped with a touch screen as a primary input device and designed to be operated and owned by an individual. • use virtual keyboards and handwriting recognition for text input through the touchscreen. • Tablet PCs also can be connected to a full-size keyboard and monitor

  39. Two main types of tablet PCs: • Convertible -look a lot like normal laptops except the screen can be rotated all the way around and laid down flat across the Keyboard. • Slate- looks like a flat screen without a keyboard

  40. Tablet PC… • advantage • Great mobility • Save money • stationer costs stays in your pocket • digital ink  • record your handwriting and drawings

  41. Mobile devices… • E-book reader • portable electronic device that is designed primarily for the purpose of reading digital books and publication. Support - Text to Speech - Internet Capabilities( Wi-Fi ,3G)

  42. Application

  43. Mobile computing application • Transport • position and tracking via GPS • prevent accidents, navigation system. • Tourist navigation • Emergencies/Disaster relief • early transmission of patient data to the hospital, current status, first diagnosis. • earthquakes, hurricanes, fire etc.

  44. Mobile computing application… • Business • M-Commerce: mobile E-commerce /shopping … • M-Banking: offer mobile access to financial and account information. • Advertising: using SMS is becoming very popular in our country. • Traveling salesperson • Entertainment, education • outdoor Internet access • multi user games • M-learning: E-learning

  45. Dashen bank • The first mobile Banking service in Ethiopia

  46. Mobile computing application… • Location aware • find services in the local environment, e.g. printer • nearest cash ATM/ shop / restaurant/hotel • Web access & Communication • outdoor Internet access • Electronic Mail • Chatting • Application Services in general • push: e.g., breaking news info • pull: e.g., nearest cash ATM

  47. NextBus: Customer Service • The Problem • Buses in San Francisco have difficulty keeping to 20 minute schedule during rush hours • Posted schedule becomes meaningless • The Solution • Bus riders carrying Internet-enabled cell phone or PDA helps: • Find estimated arrival time at each stop, digitally in real time • Soon location-based advertisements will pop up—you have time to get a cup of coffee before the bus arrives—Starbuck’s is 200 feet to the right

  48. NextBus (cont.) • The Results • Passengers in San Francisco are happy with the system • Worries about missing the bus are diminished • May discover they have time for a cup of coffee before the bus arrives • Bus company can: • Schedule better • Arrange for extra buses when needed • Improve operations

  49. NextBusOperational Model

  50. Activity • State one mobile application idea that you will develop as your course project . • Start thinking about What you will do ?

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