1 / 15

The Role Environment, Cognition and Hormones Play in Behavior

The Role Environment, Cognition and Hormones Play in Behavior. OBJECTIVE 1. Using one or more examples, explain the functions of two hormones in human behavior. Functions of Hormones. Produced in the Endocrine System Enter the bloodstream, so they are slower reacting than neurotransmitters.

nili
Download Presentation

The Role Environment, Cognition and Hormones Play in Behavior

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Role Environment, Cognition and Hormones Play in Behavior

  2. OBJECTIVE 1 • Using one or more examples, explain the functions of two hormones in human behavior.

  3. Functions of Hormones • Produced in the Endocrine System • Enter the bloodstream, so they are slower reacting than neurotransmitters

  4. Adrenaline • Gland: Adrenals • Location: above the Kidneys • Function: Arousal, Fight/Flight

  5. Cortisol • Gland: Adrenals • Location: above the Kidneys • Function: Arousal, stress reaction, memory

  6. SW= slow wave sleep (non REM) • Locus CeruleusFR= pons, production of Noradrenaline (parasympathetic NS) • PyrimidalFR= neurons in the Frontal Lobe, Hippocampus and Amygdala responsible in plasticity and cognition • Lipolysis= the breakdown of fatty acids • Proteolysis= the breakdown of proteins into amino acids

  7. Melatonin • Gland: Pineal • Location: Mid Brain • Function: Sleep Regulation

  8. Oxytocin • Gland: Pituitary/Hypothalamus • Location: Mid Brain • Function: Attraction, bonding

  9. Testosterone/Estrogen • Gland: Gonads • Location: Testes; Uterus • Function: Sexual development, emotional response

  10. OBJECTIVE 2 • Discuss two effects of the environment on physiological processes. • Brain plasticity • Brain is physically sculpted by experience • Brain’s ability to adapt and accommodate experience • See Rosenzweig, Bennett and Diamond (1972): enriched versus impoverished environments resulted in differences in brain connectivity in rats • See also: Genie Case Study, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Addiction • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Vo-rcVMgbI

  11. OBJECTIVE 3 • Examine one interaction between cognition and physiology in terms of behavior. • Davidson: Does Meditation Change Brain Activity (2004) • Subjects: 8 Buddhist monks and 10 novice meditators • Procedure: all were asked to meditate on love and compassion while in a PET scanner • Results: all monks and 2 novices showed increased GAMMA WAVES, brain activity linked to higher reasoning; soon after the test, novice gamma waves returned while the monk’s gamma waves stayed elevated showing brain plasticity due to practicing meditation • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8rRzTtP7Tc

  12. The Mozart Effect (Raucher et al, 1993) • Claim: listening to complex musical compositions excites brain areas responsible for spatial tasks • Findings: spatial skill enhancement had little to do with the music itself, and more to do with arousal (Thompson, 2001: good mood = better spatial performance without musical influence)

  13. Mirror Neurons • Essential for observing others, social interactions, empathy • Gallese et al, 1996: mirror neurons in Rhesus monkeys • The same electrical signals were elicited in the brain when monkeys watched or performed movements.

  14. Iacoboni, 2004: Would looking at emotional faces cause similar brain stimulation in the viewer? • Yes: whether looking at face or making the face, the Nucleus Accumbens and Amygdala were activated just the same. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sv1qUj3MuEc

More Related