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Chapter 2:

Chapter 2: . ACCUSATIVE Case. What IS a direct object?. Direct objects are nouns that receive the action of the verb. It answers the question WHAT? Or WHOM? after the verb. The men love FOOTBALL . Men is the subject. Love is the verb. The men love WHAT? Football is the direct object.

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Chapter 2:

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  1. Chapter 2: ACCUSATIVE Case

  2. What IS a direct object? • Direct objects are nouns that receive the action of the verb. It answers the question WHAT? Or WHOM? after the verb. • The men love FOOTBALL. • Men is the subject. Love is the verb. • The men love WHAT? Football is the direct object.

  3. Try this: • The kicker kicked the field goal. • The kicker kicked what? • The direct object is field goal.

  4. ID the direct objects. • 1. Jojo had an operation. • 2. We visited Pennsylvania. • 3. Jim Bob plays the guitar. • 4. Mary lost her car. • 5. Why didn’t Nancy cook dinner? • 6. Stupid people laugh at others.

  5. Write in Latin. • 1. The girls like the island.

  6. Puellae insulam amant.

  7. The girls carry water.

  8. Aquam portant puellae.

  9. The families like the land.

  10. Amant familiae terram.

  11. The girls like life.

  12. Puellae amant vitam.

  13. ADJECTIVES • They agree with (match) the noun they modify in 3 ways: • 1. case • 2. gender • 3. number

  14. How they look in vocab list: • Adjectives have 3 forms in the vocab list. • The 1st is masculine. • The 2nd is feminine. • The 3rd is neuter.

  15. Case • If the noun is nominative then so is the adjective. • Via est dura. • The road is hard. • Puella est parva. • The girl is small.

  16. Number • If noun is plural the adjective is too. • Puellae sunt bonae. • The girls are good. • Viae sunt durae. • The roads are hard.

  17. Case • The girls carry good water. • Puellae portant aquam bonam. • The good girls carry water. • Puellae bonae portant aquam.

  18. Translate each. • 1. Vita est bona. • 2. Fama est non bona. • 3. Viae sunt durae. • 4. Durae viae sunt. • 5. Parvae puellae portant aquam. • 6. Puellae aquam bonam portant. • 7. Australia est magna insula. • 8. Familiae sunt magnae.

  19. Chapter 3 • VERBS: • There are action verbs like kick, climb, hit, eat, etc. These use a direct object. • There are intransitive verbs like est and sunt that will never use a direct object. The verb to be uses a predicate nominative.

  20. Verbs • Verbs have tense: present, past and future. • Verbs have number: singular & plural. • Verbs have person: 1st, 2nd ,3rd.

  21. VERB CHART • Sg pl. • 1 • 2 • 3

  22. English pronouns • Sg. Pl. • I 1st we • You 2nd you • He 3rd they • She • it

  23. Latin • Sg. Pl. • -o, -m = I -mus = we • -s =you -tis = you • -t = he,she,it -nt = they

  24. Forming a verb • 1. find the PRESENT STEM: • Porto, portare--- drop –re and what’s left is the present stem. • PORTA- is the stem

  25. PRESENT STEM • Amo, amare • Stem: ama- • Laboro, laborare • Stem: labora-

  26. WHO CARES? • Latin scholars do because you must use the present stem to form the PRESENT TENSE of a Latin verb. • Let’s conjugate (change the endings) amo in the present tense.

  27. Present tense • Sg. • 1st amo I love, I am loving, I do love • 2nd amas you love, you do love, you are loving • 3rd amat he loves, she loves, it loves • He is loving, she does like, it likes

  28. Present tense • Plural • 1 amamus we love, we like • 2 amatis you love, like • 3 amant they love, like

  29. Conjugate a verb. • Conjugate laboro

  30. Laboro-present tense • Laboro I work • Laboras you work • Laborat he works • Laboramus we work • Laboratis you work • Laborant they work

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