1 / 48

TCP/IP 網路概論

TCP/IP 網路概論. Opensource TaskForce NCHC , Taiwan. 課程大綱. 一 . 網路基本架構 : 二 . 網路硬體設備 三 . 解決問題實作. 一 . 網路基本架構. 1.OSI 網路架構 2.TCP/IP 網路架構 3.OSI vs TCP/IP 4. 資料封裝概念. OSI 網路架構. TCP/IP 網路架構. 網路層 (IP)

nishi
Download Presentation

TCP/IP 網路概論

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. TCP/IP網路概論 Opensource TaskForce NCHC , Taiwan

  2. 課程大綱 • 一.網路基本架構: • 二.網路硬體設備 • 三.解決問題實作

  3. 一.網路基本架構 • 1.OSI網路架構 • 2.TCP/IP網路架構 • 3.OSI vs TCP/IP • 4.資料封裝概念

  4. OSI網路架構

  5. TCP/IP網路架構 • 網路層(IP) 網路層的主要功能是讓封包(packet)在不同的網路之間成功地進行傳遞。它規定了網路的定址方式﹐及處理資料在不同網路之間的傳遞方式﹑處理子網路之間的傳遞﹑決定路由路徑﹑網路環境﹑資料處理順序﹑等等工作。 • 傳送層(TCP、UDP) 傳送層的主要功能是確保電腦資料正確的傳送到目的地。它的工作就是“打包” 。

  6. 二.網路硬體 • 1.各項硬體設備 • 2.設備在OSI中的層次 • 3.網路拓樸 • 4.電機資工網路架構 • 5.機房現況

  7. 機房網路設備

  8. 機房SSR8

  9. 機房SSR2

  10. 機房switch

  11. 電腦教室的switch及hub

  12. 機房老舊電腦

  13. 三.解決問題實作 • Ifconfig 提供介面設的基本資料,舉凡測錯誤IP位址,不正確的網路遮罩。 • nslookup 提供DNS名稱服務的有關資料 • netstat 提供各式各樣的網路資料,如網路介面,路由表等資料。 • ping: 是否能到達某主機 • traceroute查出到遠端系統的封包是使用哪一條路由,每一站都會顯示 • arp: 查尋ARP table • namp: 掃瞄遠端主機開放的port

  14. ifconfig [amb@alumni /sbin]$ ./ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:40:C7:7A:A4:9B inet addr:140.115.70.20 Bcast:140.115.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:100846535 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:3477156 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 Interrupt:10 Base address:0xe400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:3924 Metric:1 RX packets:9018 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:9018 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

  15. nslookup [amb@alumni /sbin]$ nslookup Default Server: ns.ee.ncu.edu.tw Address: 140.115.70.1 > 140.115.219.3 Server: ns.ee.ncu.edu.tw Address: 140.115.70.1 Name: 219003.D13-219.ncu.edu.tw Address: 140.115.219.3

  16. netstat [amb@alumni /sbin]$ netstat -r Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface alumni.ee.ncu.e * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 eth0 140.115.0.0 * 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 127.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo default pc-gate.ncu.edu 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0

  17. ping [snmg@alumni snmg]$ sudo ping -f www.ncu.edu.tw -s 2000 PING www.ncu.edu.tw (140.115.17.125) from 140.115.70.20 : 2000(2028) bytes of d. ................................................................................ --- www.ncu.edu.tw ping statistics --- 9437 packets transmitted, 6765 packets received, 28% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 5.2/117.3/190.1 ms

  18. traceroute [snmg@alumni sbin]$ ./traceroute www.ncu.edu.tw traceroute to www.ncu.edu.tw (140.115.17.125), 30 hops max, 38 byte packets 1 r254.e1-213.csie.ncu.edu.tw (140.115.50.254) 0.443 ms 0.328 ms 0.321 ms 2 203.72.244.33 (203.72.244.33) 1.036 ms 1.084 ms 1.140 ms 3 www.ncu.edu.tw (140.115.17.125) 1.107 ms * 1.366 ms

  19. arp [snmg@alumni /sbin]$ ./arp Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface 219003.D13-219.ncu.edu. ether 00:00:1D:C8:92:EC C eth0 www.ncu.edu.tw ether 00:00:1D:C8:92:EC C eth0 pc-gate.ncu.edu.tw ether 00:00:1D:C8:92:EC C eth0 ns.ee.ncu.edu.tw ether 00:80:C8:6A:BA:DA C eth0 ns.csie.ncu.edu.tw ether 00:80:C8:F9:21:48 C eth0 snmg.csie.ncu.edu.tw ether 00:80:C8:EF:57:A7 C eth0

  20. nmap gate[amb]:/usr/home/amb$ nmap bbs.ee.ncu.edu.tw -p 1-2000 Starting nmap V. 2.53 by fyodor@insecure.org ( www.insecure.org/nmap/ ) Interesting ports on bbs.ee.ncu.edu.tw (140.115.70.28): (The 1987 ports scanned but not shown below are in state: closed) Port State Service 22/tcp open ssh 23/tcp open telnet 25/tcp open smtp 80/tcp open http 110/tcp open pop-3 111/tcp open sunrpc 443/tcp open https 819/tcp open unknown 970/tcp open unknown 971/tcp open unknown 972/tcp open unknown 976/tcp open unknown 1221/tcp open unknown Nmap run completed -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 10 seconds

More Related