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Do you light gas jets or Bunsen Burners? Explain. What is the correct way to write the formula for fluorine? In the formula NH 4 C 2 H 3 O 2 What elements are present? How many of each element is present in the formula of ammonium acetate (in question 3)? Balance the following:
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Do you light gas jets or Bunsen Burners? Explain. What is the correct way to write the formula for fluorine? In the formula NH4C2H3O2 What elements are present? How many of each element is present in the formula of ammonium acetate (in question 3)? Balance the following: __Ca + __N2 __Ca3N2 What does H2O (l) symbolize? Predict the following reaction: Ca + F2______ You light Bunsen burners so the flame goes up, not toward you, and so the flames don’t travel into the pipes and explode the room. F2 N, C, H, and O 1 N, 2 C, (3 + 4 =) 7 H, 2 O 3 Ca + N2 Ca3N2 H2O (l) = liquid water Ca + F2 CaF2 Quiz #1 Chemical Rxns and Safety
Practice • Active metal oxides react with water to form hydroxides. ex: • Na2O + H2O ________ • Many oxides of nonmetals react with water to form oxyacids. ex: • SO2 + H2O _________ • Some metal oxides react with nonmetal oxides to form salts. • Na2 O + SO2 ________ • Active metals react with halogens to form salts. • __Na + Cl2- 2NaOH H2SO3 Na2SO3 2 2 NaCl
DecompositionAX A + X • 2H2O 2H2 + O2 H O H H O H Electrolysis: decomposition of a substance by an electric current.
DecompositionAX A + X • 2HgO 2Hg + O2 Hg O This reaction occurs when you heat orange colored mercury (II) oxide. Silver mercury and oxygen gas form. Hg O
Decompositionof metal carbonatesACO3 AO + CO2(g) • CaCO3 (s) CaO (s) + CO2(g) O Ca This reaction occurs when you heat calcium carbonate. calcium oxide and carbon dioxide form. C O O
Decompositionof metal hydroxidesAOH AO + CO2(g) • Ca(OH)2 (s) CaO (s) + H2O (g) H O Ca This reaction occurs when you heat calcium hydroxide calcium oxide and water form. O H
Decomposition of metal chloratesAClO3 ACl + O2(g) • 2KClO3 (s) 2KCl (s) + 3O2(g) O O Cl Cl K K O O This reaction occurs when you heat potassium chlorate. potassium chloride and oxygen form. O O
Decomposition of acidsH2CO3 (aq) H2O (g) + CO2(g) O H H C Carbonic acid decomposes when warmed. water and carbon dioxide form. O O
Na2CO3 FeO CaCO3 NaCl ZnCl2 MgCO3 Na2CO3 Na2O + CO2 2 FeO 2 Fe + O 2 CaCO3 CaO + CO2 2 NaCl -> 2Na + Cl2 ZnCl2 Zn + Cl2 MgCO3 MgO + CO3 Practice
__NaOH __Fe(OH)3 __CaCO3 __NaClO3 __Zn(ClO3)2 __Mg(OH)2 2 NaOH Na2O + H2O 3 Fe(OH)3 3 Fe2O + 6H2O Ca(ClO3)2 CaCl2 + 3 O2 2 NaClO3 -> 2NaCl + 3 O2 Zn(ClO3)2 ZnCl2 + 3 O2 Mg(OH)2 MgO + H2O More Practice
O O O O O O N N N N N N O O O O O O O O O O O O Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X • Replacement of a metal in a compound by another metal. 2 Al (s) + 3Pb(NO3)2 3Pb +2 Al(NO3)3 Pb2+ Al Pb2+ Al Pb2+
O O O O O O N N N N N N O O O O O O O O O O O O Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X • Replacement of a metal in a compound by another metal. 2 Al (s) + 3Pb(NO3)2 3Pb +2 Al(NO3)3 Pb Al3+ Al3+ Pb Pb
Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X • Replacement of a hydrogen in a compound by a metal. 2 Na (s) + 2 H2O (l) 2 NaOH (aq) + H2(g) H O Na Na H H O H
Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X • Replacement of a hydrogen in a compound by a metal. Mg (s) + 2 HCl (aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) Cl Mg H Cl H
Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X • Replacement of halogens Cl2(g) + 2 KBr (aq) 2 KCl (aq) + Br2(g) Br Cl K Cl Br K
O O N N O O O O Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement) • Formation of a precipitate. • 2 KI (aq) + Pb(NO3)2 (aq) PbI2 (s) + 2 KNO3 (aq) I Pb2+ I K K
Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement) • Formation of a gas. • FeS (s) + 2 HCl(aq) H2S (g) + FeCl2 (aq) S Fe2+ Cl Cl H H
Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement) • Formation of a water. • NaOH (s) + HCl(aq) H2O (l) + NaCl2 (aq) H O Na+ Cl H
Combustion Reactions • A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat. 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 H2O O H O H H H
Combustion Reactions • A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat. C3H8 (g) +5 O2 (g) 4 H2O + 3 CO2 O O O O H O H H H C O C C O H O H H O H O
Combustion Reactions • A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat. C3H8 (g) +5 O2 (g) 4 H2O + 3 CO2 O O H C O O H H H O H H O C H O O C O O H