Bruce M. Howe, Timothy McGinnis, Jason Gobat Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington

1. Mooring Sensor Network for Ocean Observatories: Continuous, Adaptive Profiling– Development Status Report – Bruce M. Howe, Timothy McGinnis, Jason Gobat Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington Roger Lukas, Univ Hawaii Emmanuel Boss, Univ Maine Ocean Sciences Honolulu 24 February 2006

3. Introduction • A major effort and cost in the lifetime of an ocean observatory system will be in the sensor networks • Here – the sensor network infrastructure part • Terminology: • Backbone infrastructure provides primary junction boxes/nodes • Sensor networks = (sensors/instruments + sensor network infrastructure) • A system integration problem – many components

4. Need for profiling moorings in ORION and ocean observatories • Reduce temporal and spatial aliasing in vertical sampling of the ocean, e.g., at tide and internal wave frequencies and space scales • Deliberately intensive sampling of fine vertical structure — Meddies/coherent eddies, biological thin layers, overflows, etc. • Sampling of episodic or otherwise non-stationary flow • Less expensive than many fixed instruments

5. Example:Fully loaded mooring (RFA Daly et al. 2005) • Two platforms for remote sensing and point instruments • Two profilers • Tomography source and receiver • Bottom instrument suite • Called for in many ORION RFA proposals (e.g., Barth, Daly, Dever, Duda, Send, Worcester, …)

6. ALOHA-MARS Observatory Mooring • Features • Enables adaptive sampling • Distributes power and communications capability throughout the water column • ROV servicing • Major Components • Subsurface float at ~165 m depth with sensor suite and junction box • Mooring profiler with sensor suite that can “dock” for battery charging, continuous two-way communications • Electro-optical-mechanical mooring cable • Seafloor sensor suite and junction box • Deployments • June 2006 on Seahurst Observatory in Puget Sound, 30 m depth • 2007-2008 on MARS in Monterey Bay, 900 m depth

7. FLOAT ASSEMBLY Instrument Package ADCP Secondary node Center Ti Post

8. INSTRUMENT PACKAGE BB2F SIIM CTDO2

9. SWIVEL Float Ti Post Oil Reservoir All Electrical “D” Plate EO Converter Mooring Cable Termination Electrical and Optical Primary Winding

10. MMP Secondary Winding • Concentrated on Inductive power coupler • S&K Engineering • ~3 mm gap • Efficiency ~65% • 200 W transfer • 50 kHz • MMP electronics includes 16 V battery charging

11. ROV-mateable connectors Electronics ROV “fork” slots Removable ballast Fiberglass grating Seafloor Secondary Node • Stainless steel electronics case (on-hand, full ocean depth) • PC-104 controller • 400-48V dc (Vicor) • MOSFET and deadface switches, software controlled • Ground fault detection a la MARS • 8-port 100baseT Ethernet switch • Two guest ports

12. Deck Frame Requires DP ship Mooring winch Trawl winch Load transfers Anchor first Rail system – moves float and mooring cable in and out Lays on fantail Bolts to 2-ft pattern Float and Ti post locked during prep

14. Acceleration, attitude Connectors CTDO2 ADCP 150 kHz RS-232-Ethernet Video-cam ACM SensorsComponents BB2F

15. HydroGeo Borehole MARS Node Seismo Borehole Proposed Aloha Site UTM: 574520E, 4061663N 36 41’ 51.742”N 122 9’ 56.775”W MOBB Schedule • First test • Seahurst, Puget Sound • June 2006 • MARS Location • Deploy summer 2007

16. Other possible users • Jack Barth – upper ocean profiler • Jeff Nystuen – ocean ambient sound • Peter Worcester – vertical line array • Ken Smith – bottom rover • Tom Sanford, Doug Luther – HPIES • John Horne – fisheries sonar • Lee Freitag – acoustic modem/nav/comms

17. AMM animation - docking