The Age of Chivalry

1. Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction The Age of Chivalry Chapter 13, Section 3 Notes

2. Constant fighting between nobles fragmented society They fought to: Defend their land Seize new land Increase wealth Prized combat skills New code of behavior that guided actions of warriors I. Setting the Stage Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

3. Soldiers on horseback thought to be very valuable in combat Learned from Muslim cavalry Charles Martel started Frankish troops of armed horsemen called Knights II. Knights: Warriors on Horseback Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

4. III. Technology of Warfare Changes • Leather saddles and stirrups changed warfare in 700s • Saddle: kept warrior in seat • Stirrups: helped him ride and handle heavier weapons • Mounted knights were most important part of army with their warhorses Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

5. IV. Warrior’s Role in Feudal Society • For lords to defend their lands, they raised private armies of Knights • In turn, they rewarded Knights with land, fiefs, wealth • Knight’s main obligation: serve in battle • 40 days of combat a year • Training, wrestling, hunting Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

6. V. Knighthood and the Code of Chivalry • Need to show courage and loyalty • 1100s: CODE OF CHIVALRY: a complex set of ideals, demanded that a knight fight bravely in defense of 3 masters: • Earthly Feudal Lord • His Heavenly Lord • His Chosen Lady • He protected the weak/poor • Characteristics: loyal, brace, courteous Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

7. Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

8. VI. A Knight’s Training • At 7- sons of nobles were sent off to castle of another lord to be trained to be a knight… • Called a Page- he waited on hosts and started practicing fighting • At 14- reached rank of squire • Servant to a knight • At 21- became a Knight • Traveled for 1-2 years • Fought local wars • Participated in TOURNAMENTS- combined recreations with combat training Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

9. Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

10. VII. Brutal Reality of Warfare • 1100s: massive walls and guard towers encircled stone castles • Made as a fortress- designed for defense • Castle home to Lord/Lady, Knights, men-at-arms, servants Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

11. Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

12. Strategies for war: • Poured boiling water/hot oil/molten lead on enemy soldiers • Expert archers on roof • Trebuchet Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

13. Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

14. VIII. The Literature of Chivalry • Downplayed brutality of knighthood/war • Idealized castle life; glorified knighthood/chivalry/tournaments/battles • Epic Poetry: • Recounted hero’s deeds/adventures • The Song of Roland: Charlemagne’s knights fighting Muslims • Love Poems/Songs • Knight’s duties to ladies as important as to lord • TROUBADOURS- traveling poets/musicians • Eleanor of Aquitaine: Queen of England- very popular Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

15. IX. Women’s Role in Feudal society • Women: powerless and thought inferior to men • View of the Church • Noblewomen • Can inherit land, defend castle, send knights to war on lord’s request • Activities in the home or convent; educated • Peasant Women • Performed endless labor at home and in fields, bore children, took care of families, household tasks • Poor, powerless, uneducated Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

16. Picture Citations • Slide 1- http://novaseeker.files.wordpress.com/2009/06/chivalry.jpg • Slide 2- http://www.riddy.co.uk/Graphics/KnightOnHorse.JPG • Slide 3- http://ospreyknight.com/images/images-lifestyle/horses.jpg • Slide 4- http://www.britishbattles.com/100-years-war/crecy/charge-french-knights.jpg • Slide 5- http://www.britishbattles.com/100-years-war/crecy/charge-french-knights.jpg • Slide 7- http://www.knight-test.aspery.com.au/images/images-lifestyle/knight-chivalry.jpg • Slide 7- http://www.nobility-association.com/crusades2.JPG • Slide 7- http://gerrirussell.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/GODSPEED.jpg • Slide 9- http://www.teachnet.ie/mmorrin/norman/images/joust.jpg • Slide 9- http://www.crestock.com/images/900000-909999/906094-xs.jpg • Slide 9- http://www.linneaheinrichs.com/images/Knights-Joust.JPG Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction

17. Slide 10- http://www.medieval-castles.org/castles/images/nice_castle_drawing.gif • Slide 10- http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cnoelldunc/pemb_d.gif • Slide 11- http://stronghold2.heavengames.com/cpix/cw/cw127keep.jpg • Slide 11- http://www.castles.org/Kids_Section/Castle_Story/images/kidcastle1.jpg • Slide 12- http://www.medieval-spell.com/Medieval-Siege.html • Slide 12- http://www.kyrene.org/schools/brisas/sunda/ma/CATAPUL2.GIF • Slide 13- http://www.koralikassoc.com/artists/crnkovich/B_attack_castle.jpg Made By Fatmeh Reda: Information from Chapter 13 of McDougal-Littell's World History: Patterns of Interaction