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POL S 317/LSJ 331 Racial/Ethnic Politics in the U.S. Prof. Matt A. Barreto

POL S 317/LSJ 331 Racial/Ethnic Politics in the U.S. Prof. Matt A. Barreto “Asian American Politics” Week 7.2 November 13, 2008 Racial and Ethnic Politics and the news….

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POL S 317/LSJ 331 Racial/Ethnic Politics in the U.S. Prof. Matt A. Barreto

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  1. POL S 317/LSJ 331 Racial/Ethnic Politics in the U.S.Prof. Matt A. Barreto “Asian American Politics” Week 7.2 November 13, 2008

  2. Racial and Ethnic Politics and the news…. 1. The future of the Republican Party and minority voters? In particular Latinos? Can the GOP appeal to Latino voters – Asian Americans, African Americans voted Dem 2. Increase in African American commentators, pundits, analysts, etc. – will this provide opportunity to increase policy and other preferences 3. Is this the end of “fear-based” politics? Public did not respond to negativity before the election

  3. Asian American Politics & History • Asian Americans have had a long history in the United States, but like most minority groups, they were not fully incorporated until 1960s • As the population grew in the mid- and late-1800s anti-Asian policies began to surface • The main avenue of political participation for Asian Americans was the judicial branch

  4. Asian American Politics & History • 1886, Yick Wo v. Hopkins San Francisco ordinance requiring permits for laundry facilities Discriminatory against Chinese, and violated the 14th Amd. “equal protection” 320 laundry facilities; 240 Chinesed owned 90% were made of wood, only Chinese laundries were targeted to shut down Yick Wo had a permit to operate prior to the new “wood” rule Supreme Court ruled in favor of Wo

  5. Asian American Politics & History • The Yick Wo case demonstrates Asian Americans were politically aware and active in America • However, other rulings and laws sought to decrease Asian American influence • 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act • 1922, Takao Ozawa v. US • 1923 US v. Thind

  6. Asian American Politics & History • 1944, Korematsu v. U.S. • WWII interment case to decide Ex.Ord 9066 which sent all persons of Japanese ancestry to camps • Sup. Ct. ruled that Ex.Ord 9066 did NOT violate the 14th Amd. • Court held “all legal restrictions which curtail the civil rights of any single racial group are immediately suspect. That is not to say that all such restrictions are unconstitutional” • Justice Murphy: “Such exclusion goes over ‘the very brink of constitutional power’ and falls into the ugly abyss of racism”

  7. Asian American Politics & History • 1988, Civil Liberties Act issued a formal apology to Japanese Americans and provided $20,000 to survivors and family • What connection does the Japanese interment experience have to the detention and surveillance of Arab and Muslim Americans today? (especially in 2001/02)

  8. Asian American Politics • Asian Americans are the fastest growing population in the U.S. • From 1980 – 2000 they grew by 204% (by comparison: Latinos 142%; Blacks 31%; Whites 12% ) • In terms of percentage, Washington state has the third largest Asian American population in the U.S.

  9. Asian American Politics Growth in Asian American population 1970 969,000 1980 2,498,000 1990 4,938,000 2000 7,594,000 2007 14,940,775 The population is also overwhelmingly foreign-born (70-80%)

  10. Asian American Politics Population by national origin Chinese 23% Indian 19% Filipino 18% Vietnamese 11% Korean 10% Japanese 6% Cambodian, Hmong, Laotian, Pakistani, Thai…

  11. Asian American Politics • Despite great population growth, higher incomes and education than other minority groups… • Asian Americans continue to have lower rates of voter registration, and voter turnout • What explains this discrepancy?

  12. Asian American Politics • Best predictors of political involvement are: • Years lived in the U.S. • % of life lived in the U.S. • Psychological attachment to the U.S. • Even as a large second-generation Asian American community develops, the foreign-born tend to be much more politically involved

  13. Asian American Politics • Best predictors of political involvement are: • Years lived in the U.S. • % of life lived in the U.S. • Psychological attachment to the U.S. • Even as a large second-generation Asian American community develops, the foreign-born tend to be much more politically involved

  14. Asian American Politics • Other patterns of political participation: • Gender: no persistent gender gap exists among Asian Americans, with relatively equal rates of involvement • Income: not a consistent predictor of participation, unlike other groups • Education: also not a consistent predictor of participation

  15. Asian American Politics • The question of Pan-Asian Ethnic identity • The idea of group identity started among African Americans, and was found to be quite strong • As a cohesive group, minorities could increase their presence and petition for more services • Does this extend to other groups? • For Latinos, the evidence suggests that pan-Latino identity exists, but weaker

  16. Asian American Politics • The question of Pan-Asian Ethnic identity • Asian Americans are a much more diverse group than Latinos, by national origin, religion, and language • Some evidence that national-origin based group identity is very strong • This may decrease pan-Asian identity • More recently, it appears pan-Asian identity is increasing, however South Asian presence raises new questions

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