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Human Powered Producing Potable Water for Developing Countries

Reverse Osmosis. Human Powered Producing Potable Water for Developing Countries. Dustin Drake and Michael Solley Florida Atlantic University Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering. Global Water Crisis. One billion people do not have access to clean drinking water.

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Human Powered Producing Potable Water for Developing Countries

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  1. Reverse Osmosis Human PoweredProducing Potable Water for Developing Countries Dustin Drakeand Michael Solley Florida Atlantic University Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering

  2. Global Water Crisis • One billion people do not have access to clean drinking water. • 3.6 million people die each year from water-related diseases. • 98% of water-related deaths occur in the developing world. • A person can only live for a few days without water.

  3. Reverse Osmosis • Two liquids of different concentrations separated by semi-permeable membrane • Less saturated naturally flows into more saturated • Pressure is applied to reverse this process and is known as reverse osmosis or RO • Dirty water flows through membrane thereby filtering it • dirty water  clean water

  4. Reverse Osmosis Advantages: Disadvantages: • Finest filtration method • Filters chemicals, bacteria, viruses • No chemicals needed • Relatively simple process • High pressure requirement • Slow production rate • Uses lots of water to produce • Pretreatment needed 

  5. Power Source Non-Renewable: Renewable: • Electricity • Gas • Coal • Nuclear • Geothermal • Wind • Solar • Human Power • Electricity • Gas • Coal • Nuclear • Geothermal • Wind • Solar

  6. Design… • Bicycle driven reverse osmosis system

  7. Components: Bicycle • Simple, natural motion • Ease of use • Relatively low cost

  8. Components: Jerry Can Tank • Holds to be purified • 5 gallons • Strong construction • Long lasting

  9. Components: Hand Air Pump • Applies pressure to tank • Simple • Low cost • Easy to fix/replace

  10. Components: APEC RO-CTOP • Purifies water • Highly efficient • Relatively low cost • 4 stages of filtration • Sediment filter • Activated carbon filter • RO membrane • Activated carbon filter

  11. Process • Fill dirty (fresh) water into tank and seal it • Water passes through pre-filters removing large sediment • Pedal bike • Gears turn, driving linkage system to slide pump back and forth • Pump pressurizes tank, thus forcing water through the system • Water travels through first two filters and splits into 2 routes • Rinse water and water to be purified • Water travels through RO membrane being purified • Rinse water passes over membrane continually cleaning it • Purified water passes through last filter and exits • Rinse water exits device

  12. Numerical Analysis • Power requirement: P = Q*p (P: Power, Q: volumetric flow rate, p: pressure) • p = 100 psi • Q = 19 gal/hr • P = 0.019 HP

  13. Practical Feasibility • Only 0.02 HP needed • Person can provide 0.10 HP for 8 hrs • 10 min per gallon • One person needs ½ gallon daily • 5 min per person per day • Cost: $400

  14. Other Considerations • RO membrane last for 3-4 years • Bicycle can be used for transport • Rinse water used for cleaning, cooking, irrigation, etc. • Small village could have clean water for only $400

  15. Conclusion • Viable • Efficient • Economical • Effective

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