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The Browning of America: The Growing Hispanic Presence in the U.S. Presidents Conference Council for Christian Colleges & Universities January 28, 2011 Luis Lugo Director, Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life Washington, D.C. www.pewforum.org. I.
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The Browning of America: The Growing Hispanic Presence in the U.S.Presidents ConferenceCouncil for Christian Colleges & UniversitiesJanuary 28, 2011Luis LugoDirector, Pew Forum on Religion & Public LifeWashington, D.C. www.pewforum.org
I Foreign Born Population by Race and Ethnicity Source: Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2007,Pew Hispanic Center, 2009
Fertility Rates by Ethnicity Source: National Center for Health Statistics, 2007
Hispanic Population in the U.S.(Actual and Projected) Millions Source: U.S. Population Projections: 2005-2050, Pew Research Center, 2008
Population by Race and Ethnicity, Actual and Projected: 1960, 2005 and 2050(% of total) Source: U.S. Population Projections: 2005-2050, Pew Research Center, 2008
II Religious Affiliation of Foreign and Native Born Total Population Native Born Foreign Born* Christian 78% 79% 74% Protestant 51 55 24 Evangelical churches 26 28 15 Mainline churches 18 20 7 Historically black churches 7 8 2 Catholic 24 21 46 Mormon 1.7 1.8 0.9 Jehovah’s Witness 0.7 0.7 1.0 Orthodox 0.6 0.4 1.8 Other Religions 5 4 9 Jewish 1.7 1.8 1.5 Muslim 0.6 0.31.7 Buddhist 0.7 0.6 1.6 Hindu 0.4<0.3 3.0 Unaffiliated 16 16 16 Source: U.S. Religious Landscape Survey, Religious Affiliation: Diverse and Dynamic, p. 47; *Includes respondents who were born in U.S. territories (Guam, U.S. Virgin Islands, etc.) and Puerto Rico.
Religious Affiliation of Immigrants by Time of Arrival 1910- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999 2007 Christian 78% 78% 68% 76% 74% 74% Protestant 33 30 24 27 21 22 Evangelical churches 13 15 15 17 13 13 Mainline churches 19 14 7 7 5 5 Historically black churches 1 1 1 3 3 3 Catholic 42 44 39 45 49 48 Mormon 1 1 2 1 1 1 Jehovah’s Witness 1 1 1 1 1 1 Orthodox 2 2 2 2 2 2 Other Religions 7 8 12 10 8 8 Jewish 3 3 3 2 1 1 Muslim <0.5 <0.5 2 2 1 2 Buddhist 1 2 2 2 1 1 Hindu <0.5 2 3 3 4 4 Unaffiliated 13 14 19 14 18 16 Source: U.S. Religious Landscape Survey, Religious Affiliation, p. 51.
Racial and Ethnic Distribution of Religious Traditions Non-Latino White Black Asian Other/ Latino Mixed Race Total Population 71% 11% 3% 3% 12% Christian Protestant 74 16 1 3 5 Evangelical churches 81 6 2 4 7 Mainline churches 91 2 1 3 3 Historically black churches 2 92 0 1 4 Catholic 65 2 2 2 29 Mormon 86 3 1 3 7 Jehovah’s Witness 48 22 05 24 Orthodox 87 6 2 3 1 Other Religions Jewish 95 1 0 2 3 Muslim 37 24 20 15 4 Buddhist 53 4 32 5 6 Hindu 5 1 88 4 2 Unaffiliated 73 8 4 4 11 Source: U.S. Religious Landscape Survey, Religious Affiliation, p. 44.
Denominational Distribution of Latinos Catholic67.6% Protestant 19.6 Baptist 6.9 Independent/Nondenominational 3.0 Congregational/Church of Christ 0.7 Presbyterian 0.3 Methodist 0.3 Lutheran 0.2 Episcopalian 0.2 Reformed 0.0 Something else 2.3 Nothing in particular 1.5 DK/Refused 1.1 Other Christians 2.7 Jehovah’s Witness 1.9 Mormon 0.7 Orthodox 0.1 Other Faiths 0.9 Unaffiliated 7.8 DK/Refused 1.1 Source: Changing Faiths: Latinos and the Transformation of American Religion, p. 7. Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life and Pew Hispanic Center, 2007. Note: Percentages may not sum to 100 due to rounding.
Religious Tradition Among Latinos by Country of Origin Source: Changing Faiths, p. 13.
Renewalism Among Latino Protestants Pentecostals Charismatics Neither All 31% 26% 44% Country of Origin Mexican 28 25 47 Puerto Rican 36 31 33 Cuban 34 21 45 Dominican 40 13 47 Central American 38 27 36 South American 29 31 40 Nativity Foreign Born 36 25 39 Native Born 25 26 49 Non-Hispanic Protestants 9 9 82 † Source: Changing Faiths, p. 30. †Source: 2006 Pew Forum Global Survey of Pentecostals.
Conversion Among Latinos by Religious Affiliation Among Hispanics who are currently… % who are... All Mainline Other Hispanics Catholic Evangelical Protestant Christian Unaffiliated Converts 18%2% 51%32% 52% 65% Formerly Catholic 13 * 43 26 41 39 Formerly Protestant 3 1 4 5 10 15 Not Converts 8298 49 68 48 35 Source: Changing Faiths, p. 40.
III Estimates of the U.S. Unauthorized Immigrant Population from Latin America, 2000-2008 Source: Trends in Unauthorized Immigration: Undocumented Inflow Now Trails Legal Inflow & U.S. Unauthorized Immigration Flows Are Down Sharply Since Mid-Decade, Pew Hispanic Center, 2008 & 2010
English Proficiency Among Foreign Born Adults Source: 2006 American Community Survey
Religious Tradition Among Hispanic Adults by Education and Income Among Hispanics… Source for Hispanics: Changing Faiths, p. 12. Source for Total U.S. Population: U.S. Religious Landscape Survey, Religious Affiliation, p. 56, 60.