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Crash Testing for Safety Possible Enhancements to ANCAP Protocols. Michael Paine, Technical Manager ANCAP. World NCAPs. 1979 1992 1995 1997 1999. Offset Frontal Crash Test. 40% of front of car contacts a deformable barrier @ 64km/h. Side Impact Crash Test.
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Crash Testing for Safety Possible Enhancements to ANCAP Protocols Michael Paine, Technical Manager ANCAP
World NCAPs 1979 1992 1995 1997 1999
Offset Frontal Crash Test • 40% of front of car contacts a deformable barrier @ 64km/h
Side Impact Crash Test • 950kg barrier with deformable face moving @ 50km/h strikes driver’s side of car Vehicles with a seat height of 700mm or more are exempt (default 16 awarded)
Pole Impact Test • Vehicle travelling sideways (eg on trolley) @ 29km/h and strikes a rigid 25cm diameter pole in line with driver’s head • Only performed if vehicle has a head protecting airbag • At manufacturer’s expense - but test is under ANCAP’s supervision
Pole Tests ANCAP has conducted these manufacturer-funded pole tests: • Ford Falcon • Holden Epica & Viva • Mazda CX-7 • Mitsubishi Lancer • Nissan Maxima • The Subaru range • Toyota Kluger • Falcon sedan • Plus an SUV research program in 2005
Modifiers • Points are deducted for excessive steering column and foot pedal movement, loss of passenger compartment structure, knee hazards, airbag instability and, with side impacts, excessive non-biofidelic loads (backplate and T12 loads). One point deduction for each door that opens during the crash.
Star RatingCombines the scores from three tests:16 + 16 + 2 =max of 34 ptsUp to 3 bonus points available for advanced seat belt reminders (giving a max 37 points )
Star Ratings # Up to 3 bonus points available for seat belt reminders * ESC & Pole Test required by ANCAP for 5 stars
Pedestrian Tests • ANCAP & Euro NCAP conduct pedestrian protection tests that simulate a pedestrian being struck by the front of the vehicle at 40km/h. • A separate 4 star Pedestrian Protection rating is published • There is room for a great deal of improvement in pedestrian protection
Changes to Euro NCAP Rating System • Overhaul of the rating system in 2009 • New whiplash rating • New “Safety Assist” rating gives scores for seat belt reminders, ESC and “Speed Limitation Devices” • Adult occupant protection rating (%) based on offset, side impact, pole and whiplash results • 5 Star Combined Rating based on Adult, Child, Pedestrian & Safety Assist ratings (no more 5 star occupant protection)
Euro NCAP will be retaining the same crash tests and assessment criteria so ANCAP can continue to republish ratings for local models. • No need to change to ANCAP 5-star occupant rating for now
US NCAP - 2009 • Adjustments to scoring weights • Oblique side pole impact added • Combined side impact protection rating • Crash avoidance safety feature rating added (but just for ESC, FCW & LDW)
Korean NCAP • Pedestrian headform tests in 2008 • Whiplash rating in 2008 • Rollover propensity in 2008 (also set up to perform static roof strength test) • Dynamic brake tests in 2008 (same as JNCAP) • 64km/h offset test in 2009. Also looking at pedestrian legform tests • 29km/h pole test in 2010 • Looking at rear seat occupants • Potential to share test data
Japan NCAP • Pedestrian tests • Rear seat occupants in offset crash test (2009?) • Potential to share test data
Occupant Protection in Rollovers • ANCAP monitoring developments in the assessment of rollover protection • An NCAP rating could also encourage relevant safety features such as: • Inflatable side curtains that deploy and remain in place during a rollover crash • Seat belt pretensioners that also deploy in rollover crashes • Improved glazing • Interior head impact protection
Occupant Protection in Rollovers • Manufacturers conduct full scale rollover crash tests to develop and test restraint systems. • Partial dynamic tests like JRS might not produce necessary triggering signals • Rollover Symposium held in Sydney on 2 October • Much more work needed on dynamic tests General Motors
Whiplash Protection • RCAR consortium has been conducting geometric and dynamic tests of car seats for several years • ANCAP member NRMA Insurance publishes ratings based on RCAR procedures • Euro NCAP has decided to introduce a whiplash rating based on extra dynamic tests • ANCAP considering options