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Irreversibility concepts in thermodynamics Stability and the Second Law

Explore irreversibility concepts in thermodynamics, stability principles, and constructing constitutive functions in continuum physics. Understand Ginzburg-Landau equation concepts and theories, thermodynamics types, time dependence, variational principles, and dynamic laws. Learn about nonlocal effects, memory effects in time, and structure effects in space. Discover examples of relaxational dynamics and the Liu procedure in constructing constitutive functions.

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Irreversibility concepts in thermodynamics Stability and the Second Law

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  1. The meaning of the Second Law:Nonlocal effects in continuum physicsPeter VánBUTE, Department of Chemical Physics • Irreversibility concepts in thermodynamics • Stability and the Second Law • How to construct constitutive functions? • Example: • Ginzburg-Landau equation

  2. Concepts and theories • What kind of thermodynamics?

  3. Irreversibility (?) • time dependence • time reversal • variational principles • S exists • S is increasing • local equilibrium • Can be interpreted in a thermodynamic theory (?) (?) Second Law

  4. Dynamic law: 1 Statics (equilibrium properties) 2 Dynamics Thermodynamic theory

  5. 1 + 2 + closed system S is a Ljapunov functionof the equilibrium of the dynamic law Irreversibility trend to equilibrium

  6. Classical Irreversible Thermodynamics Local equilibrium (= there is no microstructure) • Violations (nonlocality): • in time (memory effects) • in space (structure effects) dynamic variables ?

  7. Stability structure Dynamicstructure Example 1 for all solutions of the dynamic law relaxational dynamics

  8. Example 2(Ginzburg-Landau) state space constitutive functions Liu procedure (Farkas’s lemma)

  9. Conclusions • Second Law is a stability criteria • (Irreversibility is a kind of stability) • Second Law is a tool to construct dynamic laws • Predictive • Economics (?)

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