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RUSSIA AND THE REPUBLICS. The Kremlin. THE MONGOLS: 1200 - 1500. IVAN THE GREAT. IVAN THE TERRIBLE. MURDER OF IVAN’S SON. PETER THE GREAT CZAR 1682 - 1725. ST. PETERSBURG “WINDOW TO THE WEST”. CATHERINE THE GREAT 1700s. TRANS-SIBERIAN RAILROAD. CZAR NICHOLAS II. HARSH
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RUSSIA AND THE REPUBLICS The Kremlin
IVAN THE GREAT
IVAN THE TERRIBLE
MURDER OF IVAN’S SON
PETER THE GREAT CZAR 1682 - 1725
ST. PETERSBURG “WINDOW TO THE WEST”
CATHERINE THE GREAT 1700s
TRANS-SIBERIAN RAILROAD
CZAR NICHOLAS II
HARSH CONDITIONS UNDER CZAR NICHOLAS II LED TO: THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 1917
THE BOLSHEVIK PARTY (COMMUNIST) LENIN
THE ROMANOVS CZAR NICHOLAS II AND FAMILY
WORLD WAR II COMMUNIST LEADER: STALIN
BLACK FAMINE IN THE UKRAINE 1932 - 1933 "The most terrifying sights were the little children with skeleton limbs dangling from balloon-like abdomens. Starvation had wiped every trace of youth from their faces, turning them into tortured gargoyles; only in their eyes still lingered the reminder of childhood. Everywhere we found men and women lying prone (weak from hunger), their faces and bellies bloated, t heir eyes utterly expressionless."
Kravchenko was shocked to discover a butter plant was wrapping its products in paper titled in English USSR Butter Export. "Anger lashed my mind as I drove back to the village. Butter being sent abroad in the midst of the famine! In London, Berlin, Paris I could see ... people eating butter stamped with a Soviet trade mark. Driving through the fields, I did not hear the lovely Ukrainian songs so dear to my heart. These people had forgotten how to sing. I could only hear the groans of the dying, and the lip-smacking of fat foreigners enjoying our butter ..."
"When the first of the new grain was being delivered to the granary near the railroad station, I made a discovery which left me tremulous with horror. Stacked in the brick structure were thousands of poods of the previous year's (1932) grain collections .These were the state reserves for the district ordered by the government, their very existence hidden from the starving population by officialdom. Hundreds of men, women and children had died of undernourishment in these villages, though grain was hoarded almost outside their doors!
THE IRON CURTAIN AND SOVIET SATELLITE COUNTRIES
WORLD SUPERPOWERS
MIKHAIL GORBACHEV LAST LEADER OF THE USSR PERESTROIKA GLASNOST
VLADIMIR PUTIN 2000 – 2008