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Schedules of Reinforcement

Schedules of Reinforcement. Lecture 14. Schedules of RFT. Frequency of RFT after response is important Continuous RFT RFT after each response Fast Acquisition shaping Partial RFT RFT after only some responses Conditions set ~. Partial Schedule of RFT. Do not reinforce every response

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Schedules of Reinforcement

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  1. Schedules of Reinforcement Lecture 14

  2. Schedules of RFT • Frequency of RFT after response is important • Continuous RFT • RFT after each response • Fast Acquisition • shaping • Partial RFT • RFT after only some responses • Conditions set ~

  3. Partial Schedule of RFT • Do not reinforce every response • Slower acquisition • start CRF  shift to partial • Different patterns of RFT produce different patterns of responding • Cumulative response curves • steeper curve  higher operant strength • e.g., higher motivation ~

  4. higher operant strength lower operant strength Cumulative Response Curve number of responses Time

  5. Typical RFT Patterns • Ratio • RFT after certain number of responses • Interval • RFT after certain time interval • Fixed • Same ratio or interval each time • Variable • Average ratio or interval ~

  6. Fixed Variable FR VR Ratio • patterns of RFT are combined FI VI Interval

  7. Schedules produce different response rates • In general… • Ratio > Interval • Variable > Fixed • VR = highest ~

  8. Ratio patterns of response • Animal controls RFT • faster responses  faster RFT • Fixed Ratio • high ratio (FR50)  hi response rate • pause after each RFT • Why? • Low ratio (FR5)  lower response rate steady ~

  9. Fixed Ratio Response Patterns FR50 number of responses FR5 Time

  10. Variable Ratio • RFT after average of X responses • VR10 = RFT after 7 responses 21 responses 30 responses • 3 RFTs in 30 responses = 10 avg. • High, steady rate of response • why? • Give an example of humans on VR ~

  11. VR FR50 number of responses FR5 Time

  12. Interval Patterns of Response • RFT when R made after a period of time • Experimenter controls RFT • Fixed Interval • e.g., FI30 • Scalloping • slower responding after RFT • speeds up as nears time for RFT • Human example? • Why? ~

  13. Interval Patterns of Response • Variable Interval • RFT for response after avg. of X seconds • e.g. VI30 • Slow, steady responding • Human example? What if they checked on FI schedule? ~

  14. Variable Interval FI number of responses VI Time

  15. Differential Schedules • DRH Differential RFT of high rates of responding • High rate  RFT • Low rate  extinction or punishment • Time limit/deadline • DRL Differential RFT of low rates of responding • Set interval between response • Early B  no RFT, timer reset ~

  16. Differential Schedules • Pacing schedules • too slow/fast  no RFT, punishment • DRO • Differential RFT of Other Behavior • RFT of any B other than target B • Used along with punishment • DRI • Differential RFT of Incompatible Behavior • RFT of prosocial vs. antisocial ~

  17. Schedule Effects • Behavioral contrast • After change in RFT schedule • Positive: lean  rich • Negative: rich  lean • often temporary • Behavioral momentum • Or behavioral persistence • B continues even when RFT changes ~

  18. Partial RFT Effect • Maintains behavior over time • Learn more responses required for RFT • Surprising Reinforcers • Attract greater attention •  deprivation   RFT magnitude • Gradual shift • CRF  Partial RFT ~

  19. Schedule of RFT & Extinction • What if B  no SR ? • Behavior weakens • Extinction • Extinction occurs quickly for CRF • Why? ~

  20. Schedule of RFT & Extinction • CRF • expectation of RFT every time • Partial  resistant to extinction • RFT not expected every time • Variable more resistant than fixed • fixed = expectation of regular RFT ~

  21. Partial RFT Extinction Effect • PREE • Why more resistant to extinction? • Discrimination Hypothesis • May not immediately notice when no longer RFT • Frustration Theory • Learn to respond while frustrated • RFT for responding while frustrated ~

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