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A Framework for Seamless Interoperation of Heterogeneous Distributed Software Components

A Framework for Seamless Interoperation of Heterogeneous Distributed Software Components (Project Review – November 3, 2003) Funded by the DoD and Office of Naval Research under the CIP/SW Program. Participants. Rajeev R. Raje Andrew M. Olson Barrett R. Bryant Carol C. Burt

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A Framework for Seamless Interoperation of Heterogeneous Distributed Software Components

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  1. A Framework for Seamless Interoperation of Heterogeneous Distributed Software Components (Project Review – November 3, 2003) Funded by the DoD and Office of Naval Research under the CIP/SW Program

  2. Participants Rajeev R. Raje Andrew M. Olson Barrett R. Bryant Carol C. Burt Mikhail Auguston http://www.cs.iupui.edu/uniFrame

  3. Past and Present Student Participants

  4. Agenda

  5. Rajeev R. Raje UniFrame Overview

  6. CIP/SW – Topic #7 Heterogeneous Distributed Systems • “Explore innovative new approaches to representing knowledge of distributed software components at their interface with respect to their bindings, their protocols, and their internal constraints.” • “Develop a logical framework to reason effectively and efficiently about software component knowledge to enable safe and secure distributed interoperation.”

  7. Heterogeneous Distributed Systems (CIP/SW Kickoff Meeting [Marsh, 2001]) • Motivation • Ability to deal with heterogeneity is essential • Network centric => distributed, cooperative functionality • Challenges • Mediation across environments • Stability and Reliability • State of the Art • Homogeneous components and middleware environment • Manual searching for components and handcrafting of bridges • Limited consideration of quality of service requirements • Labor intensive, error-prone and difficult to validate

  8. Vision of UniFrame Automate the process of integrating heterogeneous components to create distributed systems that conform to quality requirements

  9. Current Objective Create a Framework that will enable a seamless interoperation of heterogeneous distributed components Directions • Process for Distributed System Generation • Representation and Interoperation of Components • Techniques for Reasoning about Quality • Validation through Experimentation

  10. Key Research Issues • Architecture-based Interoperability (UAB & IUPUI) • Automation, standardization, mappings and tools • Distributed Resource Discovery (IUPUI) • Specification, publication, distribution, selection • Validation of Quality Requirements (NPS & IUPUI) • Vocabulary and associated metrics, composition, monitoring Main Challenge: Heterogeneity

  11. Related Work • Architecture-based Interoperability • MDA, GP, IMPACT, System Architect, ABLE, Connector Taxonomy, Proteus, SOFA/DCUP, SOA • Distributed Resource Discovery • Jini, CORBA Trader, Ninja, InfoSpheres, GRID, UDDI, LDAP • Validation of Quality Requirements • QuO, QML, QoS-A, OMG RFP, ISO, Middleware QoS, Dyninst

  12. Assumptions • Distributed system construction by integrating independently deployed heterogeneous components • Accepted knowledgebase with explicit quality requirements • Presence of distributed component repositories • Known certification mechanisms for quality attributes • Advantages of automation • Increased reliability • Shorter delivery time

  13. Component Search Selected Components Component Deployment Distributed Resource Discovery Component Quality Measures Modified Query Query Component Developer System Integrator UniFrame Knowledgebase Assembled System Standards No Yes System Deployment (End) Domain Expert (Start) Quality Validation UniFrame Solution

  14. Connection to BAA • “Explore innovative new approaches to representing knowledge of distributed software components....” • Multi-level component specification • Interoperable discovery mechanism • UniFrame knowledgebase • “Develop a logical framework to reason effectively and efficiently about software component knowledge….” • Model driven automation • Quality of Service framework • Unifying system monitoring techniques Quality assurance for heterogeneous distributed integrations through the UniFrame process

  15. Architecture-based Interoperability Unified Approach UniFrame Process Model driven automation of glue and wrapper software Interoperation of heterogeneous components having QoS requirements Distributed Resource Discovery UniFrame Resource Discovery Mechanism Meta-model based approach for multi-level specification Proactive advertisement and identification of components Validation of Quality Requirements Quality of Service Framework Development of a QoS catalog Unifying system monitoring techniques Accomplishments & Scientific Merits

  16. Benefits to CIP/SW • System Development • UniFrame process, supported by tools, will enable semi-automatic distributed system assembly from components. • Interoperability • Standards-based technology will be enhanced to achieve seamless integration of heterogeneous components. • System Quality • Semi-automated system assembly with integrated validation metrics will improve system quality.

  17. Impact on Education • Enriching Student Research Experience • Inter- and intra-university collaborations • Proficiency with prevalent state-of-the-art • Participation in professional forums • Impact on Curriculum • Incorporation of research material into courses at IUPUI, UAB, NMSU and NPS • Computing Infrastructure Enhancement • Creation of Heterogeneous Computing Laboratories at IUPUI, UAB and NMSU • Invited Presentations • Academic institutions, industrial forums and standards organizations

  18. Process for Distributed System Generation Unified approach for constructing a distributed system, which satisfies QoS requirements, from heterogeneous components UniFrame Knowledgebase Representation and Interoperation of Components Unified Meta-component Model Standards-based techniques for mappings Techniques for Reasoning about Quality QoS vocabulary and metrics Validation of dynamic system compositions Validation through Experimentation System Generation Case Studies Metrics

  19. Awards & Honors Keynote Address, Student Awards Nominations, Showcasing PhD Awarded 1 + 6 (Progress) MS Awarded 10 + 14 (Progress) Currently Placed U Of Bristol, UK Microsoft, Britannia, Irwin, Praxair, US Pacific Fleet, IU Number of Students 4 PhD, 17 MS (FTE) 3 PhD, 7 MS, 3 BS (10 Women students) Publications Book Chapter 1 Pending Journal 3, 2 Pending, 3 Preparation 37 Conference/Workshops 6 Technical Reports Presentations 23 Invited, 37 Participated Prototypes System Constructor, QoS Catalog Discovery Service Glue and Wrapper Generator System Monitors Project Statistics

  20. Object Management Group Presentations/discussions with Task Forces Participation in RFP activities Software Engineering Research Center Presentations to Industrial Partners 2AB, Incorporated Headhunter Technology (orb2) Model-Driven Access Control (iLock) Computer Sciences Corporation/ IAC-EA SIG Business Line Architecture Pilot Project Project Statistics Possible Transitions

  21. Michigan State University Charles University, Czech Republic University of Maribor, Slovenia Lancaster University, UK Stryon Incorporated Jadavpur University, India IIT-Bombay, India University of Edinburgh, UK Software Engineering Research Center Object Management Group Project Interactions Organizations Funding Agencies • Currently Funded Grants from ARO and DoJ • Future Proposals to NSF, ARO, IBM, Homeland Security, State of Indiana

  22. Project Endorsements Richard Soley, PhD – President & CEO Object Management Group “As more and more organizations adopt Model Driven Architecture, continuing research becomes critical in several areas, especially debugging, performance management and automation. UniFrame's area of research is one of the critical success factors for realization of the MDA vision, and we strongly support it and unreservedly recommend it continues.” Craig Rodrigues – Distributed Systems & Logistics BBN Technologies “I was very excited to see that you are looking at QoS and MDA. QoS specification using open standards notation and modeling is a void that needs to be filled.”

  23. Project Endorsements John Dodd – Principal Consultant, CSC Co-chair, IAC-EA SIG “Business Line Hub will include both common commercial server and portal elements …….. along with a series of business line service standards from the (Uniframe-[19]) with the Unified Meta-component Models and approach for distributed Computing, along with Visual and generative modeling capabilities.” (from Business Line Architecture and Integration Summary Concept Level White PAPER, March 2003) Naufal Khan – Vice President, Engineering, Stryon Inc. “The .NET interoperability-related research findings of the UniFrame team have resulted in the enhancement of our product, iHUB. This is an example of the research-industry interactions and we believe that research projects, such as UniFrame, will continue to positively effect the industrial world.”

  24. Year IV Enhancement of UniFrame Knowledgebase Establish guidelines for standardization Facilitate automation Incorporation of Abstract Connector Architecture Define Platform Independent Models for managing heterogeneity Extension of QoS Framework Improve QoS assurance Exploration of Alternate Discovery Techniques Provide optimized component discovery Year V Interactions with Standards Leverage existing standards Influence the evolution of standards Case Studies Validate research results using more complex scenarios Technology Transition Reduce the cost of introducing research results into commercial products Plans for Options

  25. Project Briefings

  26. Andrew M. Olson UniFrame Process – An Overview

  27. UniFrame Process • Knowledgebase • Distributed System Constructor

  28. UniFrame Knowledgebase Created by experts • Hierarchical business line architecture • Standards-based • Categorized by features • Mapping to design models (component-based) • Service-oriented hierarchy • Realizes MDA mapping of Platform Independent Models to Platform Specific Models • Facilitates interoperability

  29. Example • Document Management System • User access point, User validator, Document manager • Standard manager of documents • Manager with extended persistence support

  30. DM SDM DDM Document Management System: Business Reference Model • Legend: • DM: Document Manager • SDM: Standard Document Manager • DDM: Deluxe Document • Manager

  31. 1..* 1..* DT DS VS Document Management System: Service Reference Model Legend: DT: Document Terminal VS: Validation Server DS: Document Server context Standard Document System inv: technology =‘.NET’ or technology = ‘CORBA’

  32. Overview of System Constructor • Given requirements for a DCS, • finds a design specification in the knowledgebase, • collects the specified component implementations, • integrates them into the designed DCS, • tests against the requirements (white & black box). • Supports iterative, incremental development

  33. Knowledgebase Components on the Network Match Found Requirements DCS Design Specification Fail Component Specs. Test Plan Discover Insert event traces Decompose Test Pass Component classes DCS Fail Compose with wrapper & glue DCS Class Construction Process

  34. Salient Features • Increases product quality through • use of well-tested designs and components • automation in construction and testing • Decreases development time through • use of predefined domain and design models • automation

  35. Questions???

  36. Rajeev R. Raje UniFrame Resource Discovery Mechanism

  37. UniFrame Resource Discovery Mechanism Unified Meta-component Model (UMM) • Component • Specification • Service • Quality attributes, selection • Infrastructure • Registration, publication, discovery

  38. Components • Heterogeneous and distributed • Adhere to the standardized knowledgebase • Code + UMM specification • Quality assurance through the “design by multi-level contract” • [Beugnard, et al IEEE/Computer 1999] • UMM specification includes • Inherent attributes, functional attributes, non-functional attributes, cooperative attributes, auxiliary attributes, deployment attributes, creation attributes

  39. Component Name: Validation Server Domain Name: Document Management System Name: Document Manager Informal Description: Provides validation service. Computational Attributes: a) Inherent Attributes: ID, Version, Author, Date, Validity, Atomicity, Registration, Model b) Functional Attributes: Purpose, Algorithm, Complexity, Syntactic Contract, Behavioral Contract, Synchronization Contract, Technology, Expected Resources, Design Patterns, Known Usages, Aliases Cooperation Attributes: Pre-processing and Post-processing Collaborators Auxiliary Attributes: Mobility, Security, Fault-tolerance Quality of Service Attributes: Qos Metrics, QoS Level, Cost, Effect of Environment, Effect of usage patterns Deployment Attributes:N/A Creational Attributes:Atomic Example of UMM Specification

  40. Service • Well-defined concept of the application logic • Basic composable abstraction • Need for assured levels of service • Functional and QoS • Emphasis on QoS and its validation • Platform independent QoS catalog • Description, Measurement, Classification, Behavior, and Composition of QoS Parameters • Assist component developer and system integrator

  41. Infrastructure • UniFrame Resource Discovery Service (URDS) • Hierarchical, Proactive, Interoperable, Decentralized • URDS Constituents • Active Registries • Headhunters and Meta-repositories • Internet Component Broker • Domain Security Manager, Query Manager, Adapter Manager and Link Manager

  42. UniFrame Resource Discovery Service Internet Component Broker Domain Security Manager Link Manager Query Manager Adapter Manager Query Authentication Headhunters Adapter Components Meta-Repositories Proactive Discovery .NET RMI CORBA

  43. URDS Key Issues • Registration • Model specific entities • UMM specification • Publication • Headhunters • Discovery • Query Processing • Query Transmission Algorithms • Fault Handling Algorithms

  44. Salient Features • Meta-model based technique • Quality assurance through multi-level specification and QoS validation • Platform independent QoS catalog • Distributed, proactive, hierarchical and interoperable discovery service

  45. Questions???

  46. Barrett R. Bryant Architecture-based Interoperability – Glue & Wrapper Construction

  47. Glue & Wrapper Construction • UniFrame Knowledgebase • Glue and Wrapper Constructor

  48. Construction Process • Knowledgebase • Business and Technology domain model requirements • Component type hierarchy • Associated Rules expressed in Two-Level Grammar • Constructor • Inputs • Discovered components • Knowledgebase • Outputs • Glue and Wrapper code

  49. Invented by van Wijngaarden for specifying syntax and operational semantics Consists of two CFGs – type and function definitions Extended for object orientation Used here to indicate rules of code generation for component integrations Integrated with VDM (Vienna Development Method) tools for UML modeling, Java and C++ code generation Two-Level Grammar (TLG)

  50. Glue & Wrapper Construction Bridge driver CORBA Validation Server (VS) RMI Document Terminal (DT) Proxy server Proxy client TLG specification for TLG specification for CORBA VS RMI DT Business Domain Model Technology Domain Model

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