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Section 8.5 and 8.6 Molecular Geometry and Polarity

Section 8.5 and 8.6 Molecular Geometry and Polarity. In these sections… VSEPR Shapes Molecular Shapes Molecular Polarity. Molecular Geometry and Polarity. Big Picture: What are the shapes of molecules. Lewis # Structural Electron-Pair Molecular

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Section 8.5 and 8.6 Molecular Geometry and Polarity

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  1. Section 8.5 and 8.6Molecular Geometry and Polarity

  2. In these sections… VSEPR Shapes Molecular Shapes Molecular Polarity Molecular Geometry and Polarity

  3. Big Picture: What are the shapes of molecules. Lewis # Structural Electron-Pair Molecular Structure Pairs Geometry Geometry Polarity

  4. Valence Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR) Valence electron pairs repel one another.

  5. Valence Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion Geometries

  6. Determining Electron-Pair Geometry - Find Number of Structural Electron Pairs # pairs EPG linear trigonal planar tetrahedral trigonalbipyramidal octahedral # Structural Pairs = # bonded + # lone on Central Atom atoms pairs

  7. Determining Molecular Geometry - Electron-Pair Geometry, ignoring Lone Pair Positions no lone pairs 1 lone pair

  8. Determining Molecular Geometry - Electron-Pair Geometry, ignoring Lone Pair Positions no lone pairs 1 lone pair 2 lone pairs

  9. Determining Molecular Geometry - Electron-Pair Geometry, ignoring Lone Pair Positions no lone pairs 1 lone pair 2 lone pairs 3 lone pairs

  10. Determining Molecular Geometry - Electron-Pair Geometry, ignoring Lone Pair Positions no lone pairs 1 lone pair 2 lone pairs

  11. Drawing Shapes on Paper: Wedge-and-Dash Notation line = in plane of paper/screen solid wedge = coming towards you dashed line = moving away from you

  12. Deviations from Ideal Molecular Geometry - Lone pairs take up more room CH4 NH3 H2O

  13. Molecular Polarity - Net effect of polar bonds in a molecule

  14. Molecular Polarity - Net effect of polar bonds in a molecule CO2

  15. Molecular Polarity - Net effect of polar bonds in a molecule NH3

  16. Molecular Polarity - Net effect of polar bonds in a molecule CHF3

  17. Molecular Polarity - Three general rules 1. Fully symmetrical molecules with no lone pairs are nonpolar. 2. Hydrocarbons are nonpolar. 3. Molecules containing N-H or O-H bonds are almost always polar.

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