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Chapter 13

African Societies & The Impact of Islam http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/7generic3.shtml Timeline from BBC. Chapter 13. Mosque in Timbuktu. Africa before Islam http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/world-regions/#/06/Africa Africa 500-1000 AD – Map Links

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Chapter 13

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  1. African Societies & The Impact of Islam http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/7generic3.shtml Timeline from BBC Chapter 13 Mosque in Timbuktu

  2. Africa before Islam http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/world-regions/#/06/Africa Africa 500-1000 AD – Map Links A. Bantu Migrations (p. 302 in textbook) • 500 BC – 1000 AD Bantu tribes migrate from West Africa • Organized into families/clans • Patriarchal B. Regional & Cultural Adaptations • Continent makeup (see map 13.1) – regions make it difficult to traverse • Valleys of Nile & Niger prosper

  3. The Sahara Zanzibar Safari Picture

  4. Clans & Kingdoms

  5. African Traditional Religion • Polytheistic • Animism (belief that spirits existed that could either help or harm human beings) • Priests & prophets performed rituals • Sometimes King alone could contact gods • Ancestor worship http://www.afrikaworld.net/afrel/ http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/religion.html http://www.africa.upenn.edu/About_African/ww_relig.html Links to Websites on African Religions

  6. Islamic Africa & Spain • Islamic North Africa (639-642) (PBS Video) • Umayyad Spain (711 AD) (PBS Video) • Fatimid Egypt (909-969 AD) • Isma’ilis – Shi’ite Islam – Orthodox • Moved capital from Alexandria to new city – Cairo • Defeated by Crusaders in 1099 http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/islam/islamsbook.html Islamic Sourcebook – Fordham University http://media.nclive.org.ezproxy.cpcc.edu/browse_videos.phtml?Subject=14 Link through CPCC Library to Research Database – PBS Live – World History Empires – Islam Part 1 and 2 (Watch Part 2 for the expansion of Islam into North Africa & Spain) http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/index_section7.shtml BBC Link for Africa & Islam (REQUIRED – LISTEN TO THE COMING OF ISLAM, approx. 28 minutes) http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/sumay/hd_sumay.htm Art of Umayyad Period

  7. Town gate in Morocco Berber style buildings of Morocco

  8. Trade Across the Sahara A. The Importance of Camels Link to Trade and Spread of Islam in Africa (Art) http://www.metmuseum.org/TOAH/HD/tsis/hd_tsis.htm B. Islam’s Interaction with West Africa & Slave Trade http://www.geocities.com/CollegePark/Classroom/9912/easterntrade.html Article on Arab African Slave Trade – East Africa and West Africa http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/slavery_1.shtml BBC Link on Slavery (REQUIRED READING)***

  9. West African Kingdoms (p. 311 – 313 textbook) A. Ghana – “land of gold” • Actually gold & salt • Militant form of Islam evolves – followers were called Almoravid http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/almo/hd_almo.htm Art of the Almoravid Period http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/gold/hd_gold.htm Trans-Saharan Gold Trade B. Mali (1200-1450 AD) • Mandinke People • Successor to state of Ghana • Upper Niger River - Good agriculture & lots of rainfall **Mansa Muli • Pilgrimage to Mecca 1324 AD • Very rich & powerful – visits kings of other nations • Timbuktu becomes center of learning & culture (p. 134) Mosque in Djenne (Mali)

  10. Ethiopia’s Christian Kingdom (p. 315-316 text) 320-340 AD - Ethiopian King Ezana made Christianity Official State Religion http://www.pbs.org/wonders/fr_e4.htm http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/acet/hd_acet.htm African Christianity in Ethiopia During the reign of Ethiopia's Emperor Lalibela (c. 1200-1250), the monks of the region built a remarkable series of churches hewn out of solid rock that remain unique to this day. The churches stand as a testament to the strength and fervor of the Ethiopian Christian Church. The church shown here, the Church of St. George, was carved out of red volcanic rock in the shape of a Greek cross. Workers first chipped away the stone until they reached a depth of 40 feet. Afterwards, they molded the exterior of the church and hollowed out its interior. Photo credit: Georg Gerster/ Photo Researchers, Inc.

  11. St. George’s – the Rock Church

  12. Procession Priest Paintings Pilgrim

  13. Ruins at the Palace of the Queen of Sheba Obelisks At Axum St. Mary of Zion Church, Axum

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