XXXIX. HAKI Napok Szarvas , 21. 05. 2015.

1. Preliminarystudyonreplacement of fishmealwithrenderedanimal protein inthefeeds of Silurusglanis Máté HAVASI1, Shivendra KUMAR1, Zoltán NAGY1, Gábor BELICZKY2, Miklós BERCSÉNYI2, Dénes GÁL1 1NARIC – Research Institute for Fisheries and Aquaculture, Szarvas, Hungary 2University of Pannonia, Georgikon Faculty, Keszthely, Hungary XXXIX. HAKI Napok Szarvas, 21. 05. 2015. Project supported bythe European Union, co-financedbythe European RegionalDevelopmentFund (GOP-1.1.1-11-2011-0028) and the AQUAREDPOT project fundedbythe European Commission (FP7-316266).

2. Introduction • European catfish (Silurus glanis) –size, growth rate, meat quality and market size • Development of new diets and feeding regimes • Fish meal – high price (1800 - 2300 USD/ton), uncertain availability, increasing demand • Alternative protein sources

3. Introduction • Plantproteins –soybeanmeal(SBM), high protein content , essentialaminoacids, antinutritivefactor, otherconsumersectors, expensive, import, GMO • Rendered animal proteins –meat and bone meal (MBM), higher protein content and better growth promoter effect, EU permitted(Commission Regulation EU No 56/2013) • High level FM replacement MBM without reduction of growth • No studies on fishmeal replacement in Silurus glanis

4. Materials and methods Experimentaldiets • 3 isonitrogenous and isocaloric ( 16MJ/kg) diets (35%) • similar amino acid profile • Sinking, 4mm ø pellets

5. Materials and methods Experimentalfish and design • Triplicates • Recirculating system, 9 glass aquaria, filter tanks, dimmed lights • European catfishjuveniles (135 specimens) 70.9 ± 9.4 g (meanbw ± S. D.) • Twoweeksacclimatization, sixweeksstudyperiod • Feedingautomaticbeltfeeders 12 hrs/day, 2.5% body mass

6. Materials and methods Measures, calculations • Body composition analysis (5-5 specimens/replicates), measures of visceral fat and liver • WG, SGR, FCR, PER, ANPU, CV% were calculated • ANOVA (Kruskal-Wallis), Tukey’s, Tamhane post hoc , (p<0.05) • DO level, watertemperature(24.1 ± 0.9 °C)daily, Nitrogenformsweekly • Fishweremeasuredindividually (0.1 g)

7. Results and discussion Growth

8. Results and discussion Growth • Decrease in growth in SC (but no in AP) • Three limiting factors: lower feed intake, lower digestibility, amino acid deficiency • High fibre content • Excretory waste of energy increased as the portion of soybean meal in the feed increased (Ai & Xie, 2005) • Rendered animal protein did not affect the growth performance (Bureau et al., 2000; Millamena, 2002)

9. Results and discussion Feedutilization

10. Results and discussion Feedutilization • Increased FCR correlated with increased plant protein inclusion (Reftsie et al., 2006) • Compensatory feed intake to meet demand of protein • Reducedpalatability, reducedfeedintake (Davis et al., 1995; Xue & Cui, 2001) • Betterpalatability of AP

11. Results and discussion Feedutilization • Lower protein utilization • Trypsin inhibitor (Synder & Kwon, 1987; Krogdahl et al., 2003) • Fibrecontent, less digestible protein and energy • More aminoacidconvertedtoglucose and fat

12. Results and discussion Body composition

13. Results and discussion Body composition • No significant effect on body composition (Robaina et al., 1997; Bureau et al., 2000; Takagi et al., 2000; Shapawai et al, 2007; Gunben et al., 2014) • Higher lipid and visceral fat in AP – feed compostition • AP has no or little influence on body indices • Less lipid and fat in SC – anitinutritive factors of SB (Olli & Krogdahl, 1995)

14. Summary • Total replacement with soybean or rendered AP did not effect body composition • Reduced growth and protein utilization in total replacement with soybean • But no significant negative effect of rendered AP • Rendered AP can be an appropriate alternative (EU permitted) • Further studies needed to optimize replacement ratio

15. Acknowledgement • Co-authors • Project partners (University of Pannonia, Corax-Bioner Zrt., Aranyponty Zrt.) • The study was supported by the European Union, co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (GOP-1.1.1-11-2011-0028) and partially supported by the AQUAREDPOT project funded by the European Commission (FP7-316266)

16. Thank you for the kind attention!