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Information Overload. Information Overload. Toffler – Future Shock (1970) http://www.amazon.com/Future-Shock-Alvin-Toffler/dp/0553277375/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1334638473&sr=8-1 Daniel Bell – Information Overload Causes Anxiety Has Gotten Worse With the Rise of the Internet. Why a Problem.
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Information Overload • Toffler – Future Shock (1970) • http://www.amazon.com/Future-Shock-Alvin-Toffler/dp/0553277375/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1334638473&sr=8-1 • Daniel Bell – Information Overload Causes Anxiety • Has Gotten Worse With the Rise of the Internet
Why a Problem • Important Information – things that affect you, what you need to be a good citizen, missed opportunities • Finding What Interests You • Avoiding the Offensive • Fragmentation of Common Cultural Experience
Sources of the Overload • Media • Internet • Mail • Cell Phone • Friends – now also in social networking mode
Active Seeking Strategies • Information Sources • Opinion Leaders • News • Focus more on what is interesting than what is important • Other Media and Internet – consumersreports.com, Google it, Wikipedia • Services that suggest General Interest – • bookmarking sites • http://digg.com/ • Services that suggest things related to your interests • Stumbleupon.com, Facebook ads • RSS feeds • Can add to your yahoo or hotmail or msn page • Mashups using RSS feeds • Pipes.yahoo.com
Strategies Targeting You • Search engine searches that return results based on your past link clicks • Ads that target you based on your profile info
Knowledge Gap • Tichenor, Olien and Donahue – • Attempts to raise knowledge concerning something in the public often widen the gap between those who have knowledge and those who have little • In particular, those with higher socio-economic status are likely to have more knowledge and to benefit more from attempts to diffuse additional knowledge
How Do People Respond • Selective Processes Model • Selective Exposure • Selective Attention • Selective Perception • Selective Reception
Agenda Setting Theory • Maxwell McCombs • Media set the public agenda by the amount of emphasis in placement and space that they give to issues • People vary in need for orientation • High need for orientation people (interest in voting and needing more info to make decisions) turn to media for help in making decisions
Shepard and KayOn the Perpetuation of Ignorance • ignorance about an issue > dependence > government trust > avoidance of information about that issue