Ecotourism and Development

1. Ecotourism and Development • Employment Opportunities • Stable Wage Income • Balance of Trade “Local people need jobs, and the positions of park rangers, tour guides, bus drivers, etc. are all necessary. A local crafts industry, which offers souvenirs to visitors, can provide employment to rural people. Once in the system, these people are usually inclined to aid in such projects as the development of a tourism infrastructure and park protection.” Fennell & Eagles

2. “...we are the finest race in the world, and that the more of the world we inhabit the better it is for the human race.” “Why should we not form a secret society with but one object, the furtherance of the British Empire and the bringing of the whole uncivilized world under British rule, for the recovery of the United States, for making the Anglo-Saxon race but one Empire?” Cecil Rhodes

3. “It is in the interest of the human species that the advanced European nations must keep and even increase their influence in Asia…it is evident that with the despots and superstitions, Asia has no good institutions to lose, but she could receive many good ones from the Europeans.” Edward Say

4. “Everything in India bears clear, concurring, and undeniable testimony to the ignorance of the Hindus, and the low state of civilization in which they remain.” “Both India and China are to nearly an equal degree tainted with the vices of insincerity, dissembling, treacherous, mendacious, to an excess which surpasses even the usual measure of uncultivated society.” James Mill

5. “[South Americans are] physically and spiritually impotent. A place where even the animals show the same inferiority as the human beings. People are obviously unintelligent with little capacity for education. Unenlightened children, living from one day to the next, and untouched by higher thoughts or aspirations. Inferior in every respect, so that for instance in Paraguay a clergyman used to ring a bell at midnight to remind them to perform their matrimonial duties, for it would otherwise never have occurred to them to do so.” G. F. Hegal

6. “The Spaniards are completely degenerate. But in the presence of a Mexican, a degenerated Spaniard constitutes an ideal. They have all the vices, arrogance, thuggery, and quixotism of the Spaniards to the third degree, but by no means all the solid things that they possess.” Karl Marx

7. “The greatest of all difficulties in converting uncivilized and thinly peopled countries into civilized and populous ones is to inspire them with the wants best calculated to excite their exertions in the production of wealth. One of the greatest benefits which foreign commerce confers, and the reason why it has always appeared an almost necessary ingredient in the progress of wealth, is its tendency to inspire new wants to form new tastes, and to furnish fresh motives for industry.” Thomas Malthus

8. Modernization of Underdevelopment

9. Structural Barriers to Development: Globalization vs. Local Control

11. The “Dirty Float” Richard Nixon

12. Planting Fence Row to Fence Row

13. Double Digit Inflation

14. Deficit Spending Ronald Reagan

15. The Debt Crisis Debt for Nature Swaps

16. Michael Manley Jamaican Bauxite Mine