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Family Sciaenidae

Family Sciaenidae. Drums Common species: Red Drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus ) Spot ( Leiostomus xanthurus ) Weakfish ( Cynoscion regalis ) Jackknife fish ( Equetus lanceolatus ). Sciaenidae Characteristics. Sciaenids are another family of noisy, bottom orientated fishes

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Family Sciaenidae

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  1. Family Sciaenidae • Drums • Common species: • Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) • Spot (Leiostomus xanthurus) • Weakfish (Cynoscion regalis) • Jackknife fish (Equetus lanceolatus) Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  2. Sciaenidae Characteristics • Sciaenids are another family of noisy, bottom orientated fishes • Common in turbid estuaries, sounds, and bays • Deeply notched dorsal fin Black Drum Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  3. Commercial Importance • Commercially important species include: Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  4. Red Drum • NC State fish, commonly sold as redfish, puppy drum, channel bass, or spottail drum • Ocellus – eye-like spots used as a false eye to avoid head attacks by predators Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  5. Atlantic Croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) • One of the most commonly caught nearshore marine fishes • Possess a convex caudal fin Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  6. Weakfish (Cynoscion regalis) • Found in coastal waters and usually possess 2 large canine teeth in the upper jaw • Spawning occurs nearshore in estuarine waters Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  7. Otoliths • Otoliths are the inner ear bones of fishes which are used for hearing, equilibrium and balance Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  8. Otoliths in Age Determination • As the fish grows dark and light bands are usually deposited (increments) Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  9. Investigation of Life Histories Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  10. Family Ephippidae (Spadefish) • Spinous and soft dorsal are separate • Adults associate in large aggregations in areas with vertical relief • Characterized by a blunt face and small mouth • Highly compressed body Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  11. Atlantic Spadefish (Chaetodipterus faber) Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  12. Both families are extremely common on coral reefs Acutely compressed bodies, large dorsal and anal fins Colorful, with striking patterns of stripes and spots Both families have remarkable feeding habits Small protractile mouths with tiny teeth Feed at various depths on zooplankton, coral polyps, sponges, and polychaetes Family Chaetodontidae & Pomacanthidae Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  13. Family Chaetodontidae • Butterflyfish • Common species: • Spotfin Butterflyfish (Chaetodon ocellatus) • Foureye Butterflyfish (Chaetodon capistratus) Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  14. Chaetodontidae Characteristics • Spine on preopercle absent • Long term pair bonds (4-5 yrs.) • Abundance and diversity of the family may be an indicator of the general health of a coral reef Juvenile Adult Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  15. Family Pomacanthidae • Angelfish • Common species: • Blue Angelfish (Holacanthus bermudensis) • French Angelfish (Pomacanthus paru) • Queen Angelfish (Holocanthus ciliaris) Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  16. Pomacanthidae Characteristics • Distinguished from Chaetodontids by the presence of a posteriorly projecting spine on the preopercle • Lacks a snout and reaches a much larger size • Undergo major ontogenetic changes from the juvenile to the adult stage Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  17. Pomacanthidae Queen Angelfish Blue Angelfish Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  18. Chaetodontidae & Pomacanthidae Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  19. Family Pomacentridae • Damselfish • Common species: • Sergeant Major (Abudefduf saxatilis) • Dusky Damsel (Pomacentrus fuscus) Usually territorial defending a small patch of reef where they feed and hide and reproduce Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  20. Damselfish Territoriality Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

  21. Pomacentridae Characteristics • Clownfish and other species of Pomacentrids associate closely with sea anemones Sciaenidae thru Pomacentridae

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