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The health status of Europe. Aisling Kennedy. “Thousand upon thousands of persons have studied disease. Almost no one has studied health.”. Adele Davis. Increase in life expectancy, Great Britain, 1841 - 1998. Increase in life expectancy EU, 1970 - 1998. At birth: 6.4 years
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The health status of Europe Aisling Kennedy
“Thousand upon thousands of persons have studied disease. Almost no one has studied health.” Adele Davis
Increase in life expectancy EU, 1970 - 1998 • At birth: 6.4 years • At age 15: 4.9 years • At age 65: 3.4 years • Total gain during the 20th century: 33 years Source: WHO, The European Health Report, 2002
“The ageing of mortality improvement” Source: Willetts R., “Mortality in the next millenium”
Life expectancy at birth, 2000 Source: WHO, 2002, “The European health report Men 71.9 – 77.0 Women 79.1 – 82.7
Healthy life expectancy, 2000 Source: WHO, 2002, “The European health report Men 63.9 – 70.1 Women 68.6 - 72.9
Disabled life expectancy • Men: 5.3 – 8.0 years • Women: 8.3 – 10.5 years
Premature mortality in the EU(per 100,000 people) Source: European Commission, 2003, “The health status of the European Union”
Burden of disease, measured in DALYS • DALYS = “disability-adjusted life years” i.e. lost years of “healthy” life • DALYS = the sum of: • the years of life lost to premature mortality plus • the years lost to disability • Total DALYS per person in Europe, 2000*: 0.13 *Source: WHO World Health Report, 2001, statistics for Europe, “very low mortality” stratum
Burden of disease, measured in DALYS, 2000* *Source: WHO World Health Report, 2001, statistics for Europe, “very low mortality” stratum
Genes Lifestyle Environment Social circumstances Chance! Factors influencing health andlife expectancy Diet Physical activity Alcohol/tobacco consumption
% of people who take insufficient exercise (less than 3.5 hours per week) Source: WHO, The European Health Report, 2002
% reporting mental health problems Source: Eurobarometer Survey, April 2003
Health inequalities • Education • Income • Socio-economic class
Chronic illness / disability • Prevalence rate of activity restriction is c. 12%* • 6% of Europeans spend a large part of their time providing informal long-term care *Source: European Commission, 2003, “The health status of the European Union”
Prevalence of chronic illness/disability by age group Source: Eurostat, 2001
Prevalence of severe disability by age group Source: Eurostat, 2001
Now a b c Good Poor Compromised Future expectations of health
Health care expenditure Source: WHO, 2003, Atlas of health in Europe
Economic burden of ill health • Economic cost includes: • Direct health care costs • Cost of “informal care” • Productivity costs due to incapacity for work/ premature death • Total costs are substantially higher than direct costs For example, a 2002 study carried out for the British Heart Foundation found that the total cost of coronary heart disease in the UK was 4.1 times the direct health care cost