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Unit 3: Decades of Change The Home Front (chapter 8)

Unit 3: Decades of Change The Home Front (chapter 8). 8.3.3 Analyze the effects of the Second World War on Canada and its people. Economic Effects. Economic boom (demand created for raw materials, weapons war supplies)

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Unit 3: Decades of Change The Home Front (chapter 8)

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  1. Unit 3: Decades of ChangeThe Home Front (chapter 8) • 8.3.3 Analyze the effects of the Second World War on Canada and its people

  2. Economic Effects • Economic boom (demand created for raw materials, weapons war supplies) • Federal government intervened (plan & coordinate war production) & continued after the war to play a greater role in the economy • Factories converted to war production • National Resources Mobilization Act (NRMA, 1940) gave government more power • Assign workers (skills needed) • Farmers/coal miners jobs vital ( not allowed to join military) • Manufacturing expanded • Canada & U.S. began coordinating war production • Closer economic connection continued • Canada became a major source of arms/supplies(also see Figure 8.3)

  3. Social Effects • Role of women in workplace & military • Began to do jobs considered men’s work • Volunteered all branches of military service • Armed forces created women’s branches (eg. WRENS directed convoy operations) • Served overseas (cooks, nurses, welders, radar operators) • Flew new airplanes from Canada to Britain • Labour shortage gap filled by women (over 1 million in workforce by 1944) • Day care provided in Ontario & Quebec • Day care a problem • (Women paid less than men for same work) • Women gained self-confidence • Expanded a way of life

  4. Social Effects (cont.) • Some women wanted freedom to decide (didn’t want children/to be a housewife) because they proved they were as smart as any other person • Rationing (government role in daily lives increased) • Controlled distribution of short supply products • Restricted amounts of imported goods (eg. Coffee, tea, sugar) • Rationed products needed by armed forces (gas, rubber, certain metals) • Synthetic substitutes created • Few consumer goods produced during war • Silk unavailable; women dyed legs and drew “seam” line • Bought victory bonds (help pay for war)

  5. Political Effects • Social policies introduced • Unemployment insurance (1940) • Baby bonus/family allowance (1945) • (To keep voters from CCF) • Conscription • Francophones enlisted (could speak their own language and be led by francophone officers) • Consription introduced (NRMA) for home defence (NRMA soldiers nicknamed “zombies”) • Newfoundland joined Canada (1949) partly because of World War II • Military bases established by Canada & U.S. • Newfoundlanders joined Canada armed forces & merchant marine

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