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Reorganisation of England

Reorganisation of England. In 1066 -William the Conqueror conquered England William and his barons built Motte and Bailey Castles and Stone Keeps These earls levied taxes and raised armies Fifteen hundred foreigners received lands from William

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Reorganisation of England

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  1. Reorganisation of England • In 1066 -William the Conqueror conquered England • William and his barons built Motteand Bailey Castles and Stone Keeps • These earls levied taxes and raised armies • Fifteen hundred foreigners received lands from William • Tenants-in-chief held land direct from the King. • Each lord kept some land for himself , this was his demesne and it was worked by the peasants. • There was no neat, hierarchical, feudal pyramid White tower, Tower of London Windsor Castle Rochester Castle

  2. Feudal customs • The vassal swore to be the man of his lord • A tenant paid reliefs to his lord: • To succeed to this fathers land • Aids were collected: • when the lord’s eldest son was knighted • When the lord’s eldest daughter was married for the first time • as the lord’s ransom. • Wardship - lord’s right to hold the lands of a tenant who was a minor or a female who was unmarried. • When lands had no heir they returned or escheated to the lord.

  3. Feudal customs • The lord granted land by charter and gave certain duties and services. • Barons had the right to try cases between their free and unfree tenants. • Vassalshad a duty to attend their lord’s court. • Powerful barons or magnates could receive grants or charters of various lands, these were called honours • The Crown became more powerful with more central control having royal and baronial castles to control the localities and a means to levy an army of knights

  4. Feudalism in Scotland • David I, King of Scotland (1124-1153), learnt feudal land-holding at the court of Henry I of England • He granted lands by charter to many of his Anglo-French friends • The grantees swore homage to David • David made these grants mainly in the south and east of Scotland • The north-west and the Highlands and the south-west were not feudalised in the twelfth century.

  5. Feudalism in Scotland • The King came to be seen as the owner of all land and therefore as the supreme lord • The King could claim to control the land and justice • He had to face uprisings against him and he used his mounted knights to crush them.

  6. Strengths and weaknesses Copy the table into your notes and complete it by adding the church & peasantry

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