Dental Implant & Classification

1. Dental Dental Implants Implants & & Classification Classification: : By Dr. Nomi Lee. Nomi Lee, DDS Address: 701 N. Highland Springs STE 11Beaumont, CA 92223 Ph.No: 951-845-4557 www.nomileedds-beaumont.com

2. Introduction Introduction A dental implant is a titanium post that is surgically positioned into the jawbone beneath the gum line that allows your dentist to mount replacement teeth or a bridge into that area. Dental implants also benefit general oral health because they do not have to be anchored to other teeth, like bridges.

3. What Is Dental Implant? What Is Dental Implant? ●A dental implant is a small titanium screw secured in the jawbone that serves as the replacement for the root portion of a missing natural tooth. ●Titanium’s special property of fusing to bone allows the dental implant to stabilize the bone preventing bone loss and maintaining its shape and density. ●The implant serves as an anchor for the replacement tooth or teeth (single crowns, bridges or dentures) ●Dental implants are surgically placed into the jaw. They can be placed in either the upper or lower jaw. ●Dental implants can be used in solutions for replacing single or multiple missing teeth.

4. Classification of Dental Implant: Classification of Dental Implant: The classification of dental implant is based on five things: 1. Implant Design. 2. Mechanism of attachment. 3. Design of microscopic body. 4. Surface of the implant. 5. Material Used.

5. Implant Design: Implant Design: Implant design is sub classified as follows. ●Endosteal Implant. ●Subperiosteal Implant. ●Transosteal Implant. ●Intramucosal Implant.

6. Endosteal Implant: Endosteal Implant: ●These implant is made of metallic, ceramic or polymeric material and is available in the form of blade, screw or pin (Cylinder). They are horse shoe shaped device placed above gum tissue. This is the most commonly used and safer method than other methods. This endosteal implant is usually placed into the bone.

7. Subperiosteal Implant: Subperiosteal Implant: ●This implant is a lightly weighted metal implant. This is placed under the bone and is suitable for patients having limited jaw structure.

8. Transosteal Implant: Transosteal Implant: ●This implant is recommended for people who do not have enough jaw bone and no teeth on the lower jaw. This is placed through the chin bone until it gets exposed into the mouth.

9. Intramucosal Implant: Intramucosal Implant: ●This implant is designed in a mushroom shape with titanium projections. In this treatment, implants are placed in two rows and then dentures are placed on implants.

10. Mechanism of attachment: Mechanism of attachment: ●Mechanism of attachment is subclassified as 1. Osseointegration. 2. Fibrointegration.

11. Osseointegration Osseointegration ●It is a process in which an implant is placed in such a mechanism that there is a contact between bone and the loaded implant's surface. With this process, one can replace from a single tooth to all the teeth on upper and lower jaw.

12. Fibrointegration Fibrointegration ●It is also known as periodontal fibers. In this treatment, there is an encapsulation of implant with the soft tissue. The abutment is attached immediately after the placement of an implant.

13. Design of microscopic body Design of microscopic body ●Design of microscopic body is sub classified as 1. Cylinder dental implant. 2. Thread dental implant. 3. Plateau dental implant. 4. Perforated dental implant. 5. Solid dental implant. 6. Hallow dental implant.

14. Cylinder dental implant Cylinder dental implant ●This dental implant is available in a cylindrical shape with a small surface area. This is used to replace single teeth on the jaw bone.

15. Thread dental implant: Thread dental implant: ●In these dental implant, the surface is threaded to maximize the surface area of the implant.

16. Plateau dental implant: Plateau dental implant: ●These dental implants have sloping shoulder and are a plateau in shape. It has a maximum strength between the bone and the implant surface area.

17. Perforated dental implant Perforated dental implant ●These dental implants are perforated with the mixture of cellulose acetate and supported by the perforated metallic sheet layer.

18. Solid dental implant: Solid dental implant: ●This dental implant has a circular cross- section without vent or hallow in the body.

19. Hallow dental implant Hallow dental implant ●These dental implants are hallow shaped in the apical portion and perforations are made on the sides of the implant.

20. Surface of the implant Surface of the implant ●Surface of the implant is sub classified as 1. Smooth surface implant. 2. Machined surface implant. 3. Textured surface implant. 4. Coated surface implant.

21. Smooth surface implant Smooth surface implant ●These smooth surface implant is designed to have a very smooth surface and is used to prevent the microbial plaque retention.

22. Machined surface implant Machined surface implant ●These implants provide support to the bone and are machined on their surface.

23. Textured surface implant Textured surface implant ●These implant the bondage between the implant and the bone increases the surface roughness of the implant.

24. Coated surface implant Coated surface implant ●The coating materials used for coating the implants are titanium and hydroxyapatite.

25. Material used Material used ●Based on the type of material used the dental implant are classified as 1. Metallic implant. 2. Ceramic implant. 3. Polymeric implant. 4. Carbon compounded implant.

26. Metallic implant Metallic implant ●The commonly used metallic implants are made up of titanium, stainless steel, Vitallium, and cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy.

27. Ceramic implant Ceramic implant ●These implants are coated with ceramic materials like plasma sprays to produce bioactive surface.

28. Polymeric implant Polymeric implant ●These dental implant are made of Poly Methyl methacrylate and polytetraflouroethylene. These implants acts as adjuncts with other implants.

29. Carbon compounded implant Carbon compounded implant ●These dental implants are made up of carbon or stainless steel.