Evaporative Emission Standards for Boats

1. Evaporative EmissionStandards for Boats Presented By:John McKnightDirector of Environmental & Safety ComplianceDecember 2008

2. Overview of new program Evaporative emission types New Standards Program details Small businesses Certification Questions Outline

3. Final Rule • On September 4, 2008, EPA Administrator Steve Johnson signed, into law, new exhaust and evaporative emission standards for spark-ignition marine engines and vessels. • These standards apply only to new engines and vessels sold for use in the United States. • The standards will help reduce harmful health effects of ozone and carbon monoxide from these products.

4. Final Standards: Overview • HC+NOx exhaust emission standards for SI marine engines are similar in stringency to existing standards in California • New CO exhaust emission standards for all SI marine engines • New Not-to-Exceed provisions • New evaporative emission standards

5. Venting emissions (diurnal, hot soak, running loss) Refueling/spillage Permeation (fuel tank, hoses, other)

6. Highway Evap Standards Three decades of automotive evaporative emission control (full vehicle test/standards) Nonroad equipment are just now becoming subject to evaporative emission control

7. Component based standards Fuel and tank permeation Component test for diurnal control Design-based certification Existing standards Large SI equipment (2007) Recreational vehicles (2008) Portable gas cans (2009) Existing Nonroad Standards

8. New Standards SI Marine • Portable tanks • Tank permeation • Self-sealing vent • Vessels • Hose and tank permeation • Diurnal emissions • Refueling spillage Small SI as well • Hose and tank permeation • Running loss

9. Marine Evap Standards a2011 for primer bulbs. Phase-in for under cowl fuel lines, by length, on OB engines: 30% 2010, 60% 2011, 90% 2012, 100% 2015. b Design standard. c Fuel tanks installed in nontrailerable boats (> 26 ft. in length or >8.5 ft. in width) may meet a standard of 0.16 g/gal/day over an alternative test cycle. d The standard is effective July 31, 2011. For boats with installed fuel tanks, this standard is phased-in 50%/100% over the first two years. As an alternative, small manufacturers may participate in a diurnal allowance program.

10. Program Details Hose Permeation Certification Tank Permeation Small Business Provisions Diurnal Refueling Spillage

11. Fuel Line Permeation • Fuel line • 15 g/m2/day, 2009 • Fuel CE10, 23°C • Boat and engine hose • Phase-in for under cowl fuel line • Primer bulbs, 2011 • Vent and fill lines • Standards do not apply unless hose will hold standing fuel • Fuel line manufacturers will certify

12. Technical Approaches • Straight-run hose • Low permeation hose widely available • Fluoroelastomer/fluoroplastic barriers • SAE J1527 includes specification for 15 g/m2/day hose • Molded hose and other rubber components • Fluoroelastomer construction • Alternative primer bulb products cover rubber barrier layer reinforcement

13. Fuel Tank Permeation • 1.5 g/m2/day • E10 fuel, 28°C • Preconditioning • Fuel soak • Durability testing • Design-based certification • Metal tanks • Automotive type multi-layer tanks • Tank manufacturer will certify

14. Multi-layer constructions Alternative materials Barrier treatments Barrier platelets Coatings Nanocomposites Technical Approaches

15. Diurnal Standards • Portable fuel tanks • Self-sealing valve • Installed tanks • Trailerable boats (<26 ft) • 0.40 g/gal/day • 25.6-32.2°C • Nontrailerable boats • 0.16 g/gal/day • 27.6-30.2°C • Tank manufacturer will certify

16. Design-based certification Seal tank (up to 1.0 psi) Can use pressure mitigation (e.g. bladder) Passive-purge carbon canister Prevent fuel from entering canister Carbon and canister specifications Technical Approaches

17. Examples of Carbon Canisters

18. Refueling • Fuel nozzle standards • Marinas must use standard nozzles whenever they replace existing nozzles or install new ones • Same to those already used for motor vehicle pumps • Standardized dimensions • Automatic shut-off • System integration • Fuel systems should be designed to allow flow to nozzle for automatic shut-off • Will help with carbon canister installation designs and reduce spillage

19. System Integration • Industry consensus standards • SAE J1527 addresses hose permeation • ABYC H24 potential vehicle for specifying best practices for fuel system designs • NMMA certification • Canister installation standards • Industry is developing canister installation practices in context of EPA & USCG standards • ABYC is assessing fuel/air separators and fuel system designs for spillage control

20. Potential Canister Installation

21. XYZ BOAT COMPANY

22. 1. Go to http://www.epa.gov/otaq/marinesi.htm How to Download the Rule 2. Under “Regulations and Guidance,” click on Final Rule.

23. How to Download the Rule 3. The Final Rule will be a PDF document. 4. Go to Federal Register page 59298, which is actually page 266 in the document.

24. jmcknight@nmma.org or 202-737-9757 Three communication programs in late January 2009 Engine Workshop Component Manufacturer Workshop Web based workshop for boat builders Other Resources