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Supervise Compliance with Preventive Medicine Measures (PMM). Reasons for Vulnerability. Harshness of the environment Natural defenses reduced by fatigue and exposure Breakdown in basic sanitation. The number of active duty military inpatients dispositioned
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Supervise Compliance with Preventive Medicine Measures (PMM)
Reasons for Vulnerability • Harshness of the environment • Natural defenses reduced by fatigue • and exposure • Breakdown in basic sanitation
The number of active duty military inpatients dispositioned from U.S. Army MTFs located in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Medical Threat Components • Heat - the most lethal • Cold • Arthropods • Foodborne and waterborne diseases • Toxic industrial materials (TIMs) • Noise hazards • Other
Medical Threat - Heat Reduce heat injuries by - • Enforcing the work/rest cycles • Encouraging Soldiers to eat all meals • Adjusting workloads
Types of Heat Injury • Heat cramps • Heat exhaustion • Heatstroke - a medical emergency
Medical Threat - Cold Reduce cold injuries: • Wash feet daily / Wear clean dry socks • Use warming areas when available • Eat all meals • Drink plenty of water/nonalcoholic fluids • Exercise to stay warm
Types of Cold Injuries • Chilblain • Immersion foot • Trench foot • Frostbite • General hypothermia
Arthropodborne Diseases • Mosquito – malaria, yellow fever, • dengue fever, encephalitis • Sand fly – sand fly fever, leishmaniasis • Body lice – epidemic typhus • Hard ticks – Lyme disease
Rodentborne Diseases • Fleas – plague, endemic typhus • Mites – scrub typhus
Waterborne Diseases • Typhoid fever • Cholera • Traveler’s diarrhea • Hepatitis A
Foodborne Diseases • Traveler’s diarrhea • Cholera • Salmonellosis • Hepatitis
Toxic Industrial Materials (TIMs) • Carbon monoxide • Hydrogen chloride • Bore/gun gases • Solvents, greases, insecticides, and oils
TIMs - Effects • Skin irritation • Asphyxiation • Central nervous system depression • Death
Hazardous Noise - Sources • Weapons • Aircraft • Most military vehicles and generators
Hazardous Noise - Effects • Temporary loss of hearing • Permanent loss of hearing
Hazardous Noise Reduction Ensure your Soldiers-- • Wear earplugs • Do not remove inserts from aircraft helmets • Avoid unnecessary exposure • Limit exposure to short periods of time • Clean hearing protectors
Medical Threat - Other • Skin disease • Altitude sickness • Poisonous plants and animals • Tobacco use • Poor medical intelligence
Individual PMM 1 • Cold • Heat • Arthropods • Poisonous plants and animals • Contaminated food and water • Human waste • Soil and common objects
Individual PMM 2 • Hygiene • Proper nutrition • Stress • Sexually transmitted diseases • HIV/AIDS • Tobacco
Field Sanitation Team • Requirements 1 • FST for every company-sized unit • subject to deployment in a field environment • Health care specialists (68W) organic or • attached to deployed units will normally • be the FST team members
Field Sanitation Team • Requirements 2 • If medical personnel are not organic to the • unit, two Soldiers will be selected. One must • be an NCO, and neither will have less than • six months remaining in the unit
Field Sanitation Team • Responsibilities 1 • Inspects unit water containers and trailers • Checks unit water supplies for chlorine • residual • Chlorinates the water if necessary • Monitors field food service operations
Field Sanitation Team • Responsibilities 2 • Monitors waste disposal operations • Controls of arthropods, rodents, and other • animals in unit area • Trains unit personal in individual PMMs • Monitors status of PMM in unit
Field Sanitation Team • Responsibilities 3 • Assists is selecting the unit bivouac site • Supervises construction of field sanitation • devices • Monitors unit personnel when applying • individual PMM
Field Sanitation Team • Steps to excellence • Select the best Soldiers • Schedule for FST training • Use the FST for FTXs and predeployment • training • Don’t let the FST just exist on paper!