Supervise Compliance with Preventive Medicine Measures (PMM)

1. Supervise Compliance with Preventive Medicine Measures (PMM)

2. Reasons for Vulnerability • Harshness of the environment • Natural defenses reduced by fatigue • and exposure • Breakdown in basic sanitation

3. The number of active duty military inpatients dispositioned from U.S. Army MTFs located in Iraq and Afghanistan.

4. Medical Threat Components • Heat - the most lethal • Cold • Arthropods • Foodborne and waterborne diseases • Toxic industrial materials (TIMs) • Noise hazards • Other

5. Medical Threat - Heat Reduce heat injuries by - • Enforcing the work/rest cycles • Encouraging Soldiers to eat all meals • Adjusting workloads

6. Types of Heat Injury • Heat cramps • Heat exhaustion • Heatstroke - a medical emergency

7. Medical Threat - Cold Reduce cold injuries: • Wash feet daily / Wear clean dry socks • Use warming areas when available • Eat all meals • Drink plenty of water/nonalcoholic fluids • Exercise to stay warm

8. Types of Cold Injuries • Chilblain • Immersion foot • Trench foot • Frostbite • General hypothermia

9. Arthropodborne Diseases • Mosquito – malaria, yellow fever, • dengue fever, encephalitis • Sand fly – sand fly fever, leishmaniasis • Body lice – epidemic typhus • Hard ticks – Lyme disease

10. Rodentborne Diseases • Fleas – plague, endemic typhus • Mites – scrub typhus

11. Waterborne Diseases • Typhoid fever • Cholera • Traveler’s diarrhea • Hepatitis A

12. Foodborne Diseases • Traveler’s diarrhea • Cholera • Salmonellosis • Hepatitis

13. Toxic Industrial Materials (TIMs) • Carbon monoxide • Hydrogen chloride • Bore/gun gases • Solvents, greases, insecticides, and oils

14. TIMs - Effects • Skin irritation • Asphyxiation • Central nervous system depression • Death

15. Hazardous Noise - Sources • Weapons • Aircraft • Most military vehicles and generators

16. Hazardous Noise - Effects • Temporary loss of hearing • Permanent loss of hearing

17. Hazardous Noise Reduction Ensure your Soldiers-- • Wear earplugs • Do not remove inserts from aircraft helmets • Avoid unnecessary exposure • Limit exposure to short periods of time • Clean hearing protectors

18. Medical Threat - Other • Skin disease • Altitude sickness • Poisonous plants and animals • Tobacco use • Poor medical intelligence

19. Individual PMM 1 • Cold • Heat • Arthropods • Poisonous plants and animals • Contaminated food and water • Human waste • Soil and common objects

20. Individual PMM 2 • Hygiene • Proper nutrition • Stress • Sexually transmitted diseases • HIV/AIDS • Tobacco

21. Field Sanitation Team • Requirements 1 • FST for every company-sized unit • subject to deployment in a field environment • Health care specialists (68W) organic or • attached to deployed units will normally • be the FST team members

22. Field Sanitation Team • Requirements 2 • If medical personnel are not organic to the • unit, two Soldiers will be selected. One must • be an NCO, and neither will have less than • six months remaining in the unit

23. Field Sanitation Team • Responsibilities 1 • Inspects unit water containers and trailers • Checks unit water supplies for chlorine • residual • Chlorinates the water if necessary • Monitors field food service operations

24. Field Sanitation Team • Responsibilities 2 • Monitors waste disposal operations • Controls of arthropods, rodents, and other • animals in unit area • Trains unit personal in individual PMMs • Monitors status of PMM in unit

25. Field Sanitation Team • Responsibilities 3 • Assists is selecting the unit bivouac site • Supervises construction of field sanitation • devices • Monitors unit personnel when applying • individual PMM

26. Field Sanitation Team • Steps to excellence • Select the best Soldiers • Schedule for FST training • Use the FST for FTXs and predeployment • training • Don’t let the FST just exist on paper!