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Average annual growth (%) in scientific papers European Commission (2001) Benchmarking National Research Policies. Correlation between the annual growth (%) in researchers and publications Euopean Commission (2001) Benchmarking National Research Policies .
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Average annual growth (%) in scientific papers European Commission (2001) Benchmarking National Research Policies
Correlation between the annual growth (%) in researchers and publications Euopean Commission (2001) Benchmarking National Research Policies
Scientific papers by portuguese scientists, listed in Science Citation Index (total number of papers and papers co-authored with colleagues from abroad)
Percentage contribution from portuguese scientists to articles listed each year in Science Citation Index
Bologna declaration : principles • Creating a transparent and comparable grading system, the (under) graduate can have easy access to the labor market in all European countries • 2 cycles: undergraduate (at least 3 years, 180SP), graduate (1 year, 60 SP) • Installation of a credit transfer system (1 year = 60 SP) • Stimulation of mobility of students and teachers • Quality assurance, comparable methods and criteria • European dimension in the higher education system: curriculum development, international collaboration, integrated programs for study, training and research
The Process • Earlier initiatives and processes: mobility programs such as Socrates, and Erasmus; ECTS; Sorbonne document • Joint Declarations: • Bologna Declaration 1999 • Prague Communiqué 2001 • Berlin Communiqué 2003
“... in absolute transparency to our members, the financial situation of [IUPHAR] ... remains fragile” “We have ... to maintain all aspects of Pharmacology, whether basic or clinical, as one strong scientific discipline” Paul M. Vanhoutte (Pharmacology International, June 2003)