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Chapter 11 Section 3. Islamic Civilization. A Culture of Traders. Trade was important to the Muslim culture because the empire was at the center of a world trade market that linked Europe, Asia, and Africa
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Chapter 11 Section 3 Islamic Civilization
A Culture of Traders • Trade was important to the Muslim culture because the empire was at the center of a world trade market that linked Europe, Asia, and Africa • The Muslims produced textiles, tapestries and carpets. They were also skilled metal workers • Muslims also exchanged ideas with other cultures as well. • {Many Europeans regarded the Muslims as being a great influence because of their innovations in astronomy, geography, banking and commerce}
Government and Society • { Muslims throughout the Islamic empire lived according to the Qur’an. It guided both their religious and daily life} • The Qur’an gave detailed instructions about how society should run and hoe people should live • {Islam discouraged the practice of slavery} those who chose to keep slaves were required to treat them humanely. • Family was the core of Muslim life. Everyone has a duty or specific role • Men were responsible for the families needs • {Women had the right to just treatment , and had some property rights}
Continued…. • Arranged marriages were the norm in society but the Qur’an gave a woman the right to refuse the marriage • Polygamy was common in Arabia but men were limited to four wives and all had to be treated equally • Later, however, women began to be secluded and lost some rights • The family and the mosque assumed responsibility for education
The Sciences • Muslims made great contributions to the field of medical science with the advances in the use of herbs, food and prepared drugs. • One of the greatest doctors of the Islamic world was al-Razi he wrote a paper about small pox and the measles and composed a huge medical encyclopedia • Because the Muslims were traders they were naturally interested in astronomy, navigation and maps. • {Arab astronomers adopted an instrument called the astrolabe} astronomers allowed observers to chart the positions of the stars and thus calculate their own position on Earth
The Arts • {Islamic teaching forbids the use of images to show God under any circumstance} • Instead artists created beautiful geometric and floral designs • Architecture became one of the greatest forms of art • Mosques were built to show the glory of Islam • {Over time mosques became more elaborate as they were a way of showing power} • {These mosques were not just used as places of worship but also as places of learning and community centers}
Section Review • Many Europeans regarded the Muslims as being a great influence because of their innovations in _________, geography, _______ and commerce • Muslims throughout the Islamic empire lived according to what book? • Islam discouraged what inhumane practice? • Who had the right to just treatment , and had some property rights? • Arab astronomers adopted an instrument called the ________ • Mosques were not just used as places of worship but what else?
