1 / 38

JEFFERSON’S PRESIDENCY AND THE WAR OF 1812

JEFFERSON’S PRESIDENCY AND THE WAR OF 1812. DID T.J. LEAD US TO THE WAR OF 1812?. Marbury v. Madison. Judiciary Act of 1801 16 new federal judgeships Adam’s “midnight judges” Not all filled, Jefferson did not recognize James Madison (Sec. of State) refused to deliver.

norm
Download Presentation

JEFFERSON’S PRESIDENCY AND THE WAR OF 1812

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. JEFFERSON’S PRESIDENCY AND THE WAR OF 1812 DID T.J. LEAD US TO THE WAR OF 1812?

  2. Marbury v. Madison • Judiciary Act of 1801 • 16 new federal judgeships • Adam’s “midnight judges” • Not all filled, Jefferson did not recognize • James Madison (Sec. of State) refused to deliver

  3. Marbury v. Madison cont. • William Marbury sued in Supreme Court • Judiciary Act of 1789 • John Marshall-Chief Justice of Supreme Court appointed by Adams and a Federalist • Established Court’s power with “judicial review” • Marbury will lose case but Court will gain more power with judicial review

  4. Louisiana Purchase

  5. France and U.S. • France gained Louisiana back from Spain • Slave revolt in French Haiti-French could not hold on. • Mississippi River vital to U.S. • U.S. offer to buy only port of New Orleans to keep river open.

  6. Louisiana Purchase cont. • Napoleon knew he could not keep land in North America. • U.S. Ambassadors made offer to buy New Orleans but instead were offered opportunity to buy all of Louisiana Territory • No power to due so, but did for about $15 million • Goes against Jefferson’s strict constructionist belief of U.S. Constitution—Did it anyway!

  7. Lewis and Clark Expedition • Jefferson interested in a waterway to the Pacific Ocean • Jefferson had been secretly planning this mission even before the purchase • Mapping and science to be documented • Establish relations with Indians • Extensive planning & training

  8. Lewis and Clark Expedition

  9. Lewis and Clark • Meriwether Lewis—friend of Jefferson • William Clark—brother of Revolutionary War hero • Both very capable Army officers and leaders • Young, unmarried, men able to live in the woods required

  10. Boats of Lewis and Clark

  11. Lewis and Clark Canoes

  12. Expedition • Left near St. Louis May of 1804 up the Missouri River. “The Big Muddy”—a dangerous river • Going where very few white men have ever been. • Lewis walked mainly while boat was either sailed or “poled” upstream. • Mapped and documented everything. Expert cartographers! Very accurate even when compared to today technology!

  13. Expedition • Fort Mandan—current day North Dakota- first winter. Made friends with Mandan Indians. Met a French trader name Charbonneau who helped with translation-English to French to sign language back to French to English. • Indians very interested in York, Captain Clark’s slave. Never had seen a black man.

  14. Sacagawea • Sacagawea, Shoshoni Indian, wife of Charbonneau-pregnant comes along when expedition continues in spring. • Finds Shoshoni land, brother, helps get horses for journey over the Mountains

  15. Expedition • Difficult trail over the Mts. • Starvation constant threat • River gets too shallow • Boats sunk, others carried up and over the falls • Horsed traded for-some eaten • November 7, 1805 reach Pacific Ocean • Winter at Fort Clatsop (near Astoria, Oregon)

  16. Fort Clatsop

  17. Return Trip • Too much salmon!! • Killed all the elk • Traded for canoes (stole one) • Traded with Nez Perce for horses • Almost starved on the Lolo Trail over Mts. • Split up?? • Meet up again

  18. Animal issues

  19. Animal Issues

  20. Heroes Welcome • Late fall 1806. Why so fast? • Sgt. Floyd • Opens up further exploration • William Clark goes on to further fame • Meriwether Lewis—Mystery • Suicide or Murder???

  21. PROTECT AMERICAN NEUTRALITY • BARBARY STATES • NORTH AFRICA, PAY A YEARLY TRIBUTE TO PROTECT SHIPPING • INCREASE IN BRIBE • JEFFERSON WEAKENED MILITARY • U.S. NAVAL SHIP GROUNDED, CAPTURED • JEFFERSON SENDS IN THE MARINES

  22. BRITAIN & FRANCE AT WAR 1803 • AMERICA NEUTRAL • SHIPPING STOPPED ILLEGALLY • CONTRABAND • HUNDREDS BOARDED 1805-1807

  23. IMPRESSMENT • BRITISH NEED MEN • OLD PRACTICE • SEARCH SHIPS • CONTRABAND • BRITISH SAILORS • AMERICANS TAKEN

  24. AVOID WAR WEAKENED MILITARY EMBARGO ACT (1807) STOPS TRADE SUPPOSED TO HURT BRITAIN & FRANCE CALL FOR WAR WAR HAWKS WESTERN STATES - TERRITORIES HENRY CLAY ANDREW JACKSON W. H. HARRISON JOHN C. CALHOUN NEUTRALITY OR WAR?

  25. RESULTS OF EMBARGO ACT • U.S. TRADE HURT • TRADE DROPS • UNEMPLOYMENT • DEMANDS TO END EMBARGO ACT

  26. NONINTERCOURSE ACT (1809) • END OF EMBARGO ACT • OPEN TRADE WITH OTHER COUNTRIES BUT NOT WITH BRITAIN & FRANCE • AGREE TO END STOPPING OF SHIPS • STARTS ALL OVER AGAIN

  27. INDIAN PROBLEMS? • NORTWEST TERRITORY • WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON TECUMSEH/RED STICK CONFEDERACY • THE PROPHET • WHY NOT SELL THE AIR?

  28. ROAD TO WAR • BATTLE OF TIPPECANOE 1811 • TECUMSEH IN SOUTH, PROPHET IN CHARGE (POOR LEADER) • NO REAL VICTORY BUT U.S. CLAIMS ONE • TECUMSEH SIDES WITH BRITISH IN 1812

  29. GOOD OR BAD FOR THE U.S.? FRIGATES SHIPS OF THE LINE CONSTITUTION vs GUERRIERE “CROSS T” WAR OF 1812

  30. Master and Commander

  31. AUGUST 1813 CHIEF RED EAGLE RUNAWAY SLAVES GEN. ANDREW JACKSON “OLD HICKORY” BATTLE OF HORSESHOE BEND (ALABAMA 1814) CREEK WAR

  32. 1813 GEN. HULL LOSES DETROIT CAPT. OLIVER HAZARD PERRY 1/4 AFRICAN AMER. W.H. H. LEADS BATTLE OF THAMES RIVER TECUMSEH DIES LAND WAR

  33. 1814 • 1814 • BURNING OF WASHINGTON D.C. • DOLLY MADISON • BATTLE OF FORT McHENRY • FRANCIS SCOTT KEY • TREATY OF GHENT DEC. 24 1814

  34. The Star Spangled Banner • Oh, say can you see by the dawn's early lightWhat so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming?Whose broad stripes and bright stars thru the perilous fight,O'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming?And the rocket's red glare, the bombs bursting in air,Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there.Oh, say does that star-spangled banner yet waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave? • On the shore, dimly seen through the mists of the deep,Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes,What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep,As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam,In full glory reflected now shines in the stream:'Tis the star-spangled banner! Oh long may it waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

  35. The Star Spangled Banner • And where is that band who so vauntingly sworeThat the havoc of war and the battle's confusion,A home and a country should leave us no more!Their blood has washed out their foul footsteps' pollution.No refuge could save the hireling and slaveFrom the terror of flight, or the gloom of the grave:And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave • Oh! thus be it ever, when freemen shall standBetween their loved home and the war's desolation!Blest with victory and peace, may the heav'n rescued landPraise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation.Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just,And this be our motto: "In God is our trust."And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

  36. GEN. A. JACKSON CONTROL MISSISSIPPI QUICK ATTACK TO DELAY JEAN LaFITTE & PIRATES JAN. 8 1815, HEAVY FOG, POINT BLANK BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS

  37. Battle of New Orleans • GEN. SIR EDWARD PAKENHAM & WIFE • TROOPS FROM FRANCE • COCKY & OVER CONFIDENT • 700 DEAD, 1400 WOUNDED • SPECIAL DELIVERY

More Related