REG 265 – Infrastructure Technology

1. REG 265 – Infrastructure Technology Dr AHMAD HILMY ABDUL HAMID School of Housing, Building & Planning

2. Parkings • Parking as part of an overall transportation system is one of the crucial issues of our times. As the number of automobiles increases exponentially, the need to house them in close proximity creates a challenging design problem

3. Parkings • Parking Lots (Primarily Used by Automobiles) • Parking lots are paved areas intended for vehicle parking and can vary widely in size, function and design.

4. Parkings • Assumed Traffic • Low speed automobiles and trucks.  Typically, automobiles may travel anywhere in the parking lot while heavy trucks travel to and from delivery and pick-up points only.  Thus, recommended parking lot structural design is divided into two categories:

5. Parkings • Light loads.  • Parking lot areas expected to experience little or no truck traffic can be designed for car and light truck loads only.  Typically light load parking lot areas encompass the parking stalls and parking stall access lanes.  Truck traffic in these areas is limited to a few medium trucks and the occasional heavy truck that may stray in the parking stall area after hours.

6. Parkings • Heavy loads.  • Parking areas expected to experience significant truck traffic should include a thicker pavement structure to accommodate these heavier loads.  Typically, heavy load parking lot areas encompass the entrance and exit lanes from the parking lot, the area directly in front of a store, truck loading/unloading areas and access routes to these areas.  The recommended minimum pavement thicknesses shown here are for typical parking lot heavy load areas.  If it is likely a particular parking lot will experience excessive heavy loads, it should be designed using an approved procedure.

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8. Parkings • General Considerations • Parking Stall Dimensions: • Changes in the vehicle size have changed the parking space dimensions necessary to • accommodate large cars and small cars. These vehicle changes have also reduced the aisle • width requirements to access a parking stall. Large cars typically need approximately 9 feet of • stall width to provide sufficient door opening width, and small cars need approximately 8 feet of • stall width. • The one-size-fits-all designs are easier to execute for several reasons: • most drivers do not know the size of the vehicle or whether it is a large or small car; • most drivers take the first available space regardless of size; and • large cars parked in small-car spaces create problems by encroaching on adjacent spaces and possibly on the adjoining aisles. • • The Parking guidelines utilize a one-size-fits-all width of 8 feet 6 inches.

9. Parkings • Driveway Design: • The safety and efficiency of a street depends on the amount and character of interference affecting vehicles moving along it. • Significant interference is caused on most roads by vehicles entering, leaving, or crossing at intersecting streets and driveways. • In order to minimize accidents and to assure best overall use of the road by the general public, it is necessary to regulate vehicle movements in and out of abutting developments and cross streets.

10. Parkings • • The conflict effect of driveways is a function of traffic and pedestrian flow along the street and at the driveway. • • A low volume driveway causes relatively little conflict on a major street, and a high volume driveway causes little conflict on a minor route. • • In areas of high pedestrian activity, designs for low speed vehicular entry and exit may be based on radii and restricted total widths. • • Driveways should be designed for curb lane access with minimal encroachment on travel lanes.

11. Parkings • • Design elements of each driveway (location, spacing, sight distance, throat width, radii, angles, and grades) should be based on expected volumes and vehicle characteristics. • • For right-turn entry and exit, the driveway radius should be consistent with the design vehicles sweep path requirements. • • Most driveway design elements are directly related to the layout of the parking area, amount of reservoir space, types of loading facility, circulation pattern, and building placement within the site.

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15. Parkings • Parking Area

16. Parkings • Parking Garage

17. Parkings • Parking Layout

18. Parkings Robotic Parking – Vertical Stacking

19. Parkings Robotic Parking – Vertical Stacking

20. Parkings • Robotic Parking Garage

21. Parkings • Eco Parking Area

22. Parkings • Motorcycle Parking

23. Parkings • Motorcyle parking

24. Parkings • Bus Parking Area

25. Parkings • Bus station parking

26. Parkings • Parking Guidance – Road Signs

27. Parkings • Parking Guidance - Underground

28. Parkings • Parking Guidance - Multistorey

29. Parkings Congestion Reduction

30. Parkings • Parking – Recogniton Technology

31. Parkings • Parking – Occupancy Recognition

32. Parkings • Vehicle Clamp

33. Parkings • Parking Stunts

34. Parkings • Parking Oddity

35. Auto Parking

36. Robotic Parking

37. Kerja kursus • Anda dijemput oleh sebuah Pihak Berkuasa tempatan (PBT) untuk merangka garis panduan pembangunan di kawasan mereka. Tulis satu laporan ringkas untuk PBT berkenaan dengan memberi tumpuan kepada perkara berikut: • i) Cadangan jalan - Hieraki • - Kebolehsampaian • - Isu Mobiliti • - Jalan residensi • ii) Peparitan & Pakir - Jenis2 pakir dan peparitan lestari • iii) Sistem lampu jalan - Opsyen dan keperluan • NOTA: • 1.Sokong laporan anda dengan rajah, gambar dan jadual yang relevan • 2.Laporan anda tidak harus melebihi 20 muka surat (penulisan sahaja)

38. Coursework • You have been invited by a Local Authority (LA) to prepare a development guideline for their locality. Write a brief report for the LA by giving focus to the following items: • i) Road proposal - Hierachy • - Accessibility • - Mobility issues • - Residential roads • ii) Parking & Drainage - Types of parking and sustainable drainage • iii) Street light system - Options and requirements • NOTES: • 1.Support your report with the relevant diagrams, photos and tables. • 2.Your report should not exceed 20 pages (written words)

39. Website • http://www.hbp.usm.my/hilmy/index.htm • Course submission: • on or before 11th Sept 2009 • Place: • HBP front office – please sign submission checklist

40. Parkings • Next Topic: • Drainage & Street Lightings