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Glacial Processes and Landforms. Geography 12. What is a glacier? What are the two main types of glaciers? How do glaciers form?. What is a glacier? A glacier is simply the existence of year-round ice on the landscape.
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Glacial Processes and Landforms Geography 12
What is a glacier? • What are the two main types of glaciers? • How do glaciers form?
What is a glacier? • A glacier is simply the existence of year-round ice on the landscape. • There are two broad types: ____________________ and ____________________. • How do glaciers form? • Glaciers form whenever snowfall exceeds snowmelt year after year. The snow accumulates incrementally, pressure increases, and it is changed into • névé: _________________________ and then ice by this pressure.
Maximum Extent of Pleistocene Glaciation - 1/3 of land surface Most recent glacial maximum peaked 18,000 years ago and is considered to have ended 10,000 B.P.
Q: Why is a glacier the only thing that is ever coming and going at the same time? A: ___________________________
Erosion by Glaciers • volume and speed determinesamount of erosion • erodes slightly more effectively than water • plucking and abrasion • polishing and striations • Continental glaciers removeall soil, plants, and small hills • Alpine glaciers change V-shaped valleys to U-shaped Photo above: What are these stripes called? What causes them
Transportation by Glaciers: • Will move material of all sizes, from glacial flour to massive boulders • Slow transport • Water in, on, and under glaciers (pluvial processes) moves much sediment as well
Deposition by Glaciers • Drift is any material deposited by glaciers or their melt water. • Till is that unsorted material that is deposited directly by ice. • _______________are linear features deposited at bottom or along sides of glaciers. • Glacial ______________ is an enormous boulder transported and deposited by glaciers, often far from their source region.
Continental Glaciers or Ice Sheets • only two true ice sheets exist today: Greenland and _____________________ • where they meet the sea they can form ice sheets. • vary in thickness from hundreds of feet to ______ miles deep • ________________ away all soil and vegetation and dramatically reshape the landscape and ecology of large regions Ellesmere Island, Canada
Continental Glaciers or Ice Sheetsvarious landforms: Know all!
Fjords • Students search and find the answers for the below: • What is a fjord? • How is it formed? • What is the name of the closest fjord to Terry Fox Secondary? • What is another word for neve? • What is an arête? What type of glaciation is it found in?
Works/Cites Consulted • www.elcamino.edu/faculty/mreed/.../101%20powerpoint/glaciers.ppt/Jan. 2015 • http://www.global-greenhouse-warming.com/images/BoulderGlacier.jpg?aba085/Jan.2015 • http://www.swisseduc.ch/glaciers/glossary/icons/medial-moraine.jpg/Jan. 2015