NuPECC LRP2010 Nuclear Astrophysics Working Group

1. NuPECC LRP2010Nuclear Astrophysics Working Group First meeting, Frankfurt 12-13 October 2009

2. In attendance Working group Brian Fulton Zsolt Fulop Fairouz Hammache Michael Heil Jorde Jose Francois de Oliveira Paulo Prati Stefano Romano Christof Vockenhauber Phil Woods Apologies from Nicolas Chamel and Kerstin Sonnabend Other members of the community Karlheinz Langanke, Gabriel Martinez Pinedo, Michael Haas

3. Review what we have done to date and what background information we have List of members agreed by NuPECC and invited by Convenor (Alain Coc unable to accept, but Fairouz Hammache kindly stepped in) Each member has submitted a 2-3 page summary in their area of expertise (full response) Invited lab directors to provide input on relevant developments at their facility (limited response so far). Note: this replaced by new phase inserted in process Other material available: NuPECC LRP2004 NSAC Forward Look ECOS Report ESF Workshop at Demokritos CARINA Workshop reports EuroGENESIS applications (at a later stage) Agreed to talk to colleagues as widely as possible and ask them for input

4. Timeline Can work with the timeline outlined yesterday by Guenther 15 January Draft report to NuPECC Steering Group 12-13 March Drafts considered at NuPECC Meeting followed by feedback to WG 1 May Revised chapter to NuPECC 31 May-2 June Town Meeting to discuss Reports Agreed we need to hold a meeting in December to discuss our Draft Report (and most importantly, the recommendations) One day meeting Paris (Orsay?) 21 December. Fairouz kindly agreed to organise Before this Brian will put together and circulate a draft for comment

5. Go through submissions and agree where additional information would be useful Already have about 30 pages of input from the WG members which we discussed: Alain Coc Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Christof Vockenhauber AMS for long-lived radionuclides Paolo Prati Underground nuclear astrophysics Nicolas Chamel Compact stars Kerstin Sonnabend Photon induced experiments and reactions Stefano Romano Indirect methods: ANC and THM Tommy Raucher Modelling and theory Fairouz Hammache Nucleosynthesis in Novae, AGB starts and r-process Phil Woods Nuclear astrophysics Michael Heil p-process and r-process s-process Francois de Oliveira p-process r-process Explosive hydrogen burning Jordi Jose Explosive nucleosynthesis; Novae and XRBs

6. Identify any missing themes and agree how we cover these Neutron Stars (Cooling? Structure? EoS? Hypernuclei?) Michael Heil will prepare something based on FAIR experimental proposals Brian will contact Pawel Haensel Supernovae (Are we covered here? Theory on n and weak interactions? Experiments?) Gabriel Martinez Pinedo will prepare something – suggest should be WG member Astrophysics observations – future missions and capabilities Brian will contact Roland Diehl

7. Agree Key Questions, Key Items and Action Plan in ESF submission Key questions How and where are the heavy elements made? What are the key reactions that drive explosive nucleosynthesis in objects like Novae, X-Ray Bursters and Supernovae? What is the equation of state for the compact matter in a neutron star? What are the sites, and what are the nuclear processes, that produce the gamma-ray emissions observed by new satellite missions? How do nuclear reactions influence the evolution of stars? What role do neutrino induced reactions play in astrophysical sites? Broadly right. May need some small changes (e.g. stellar nucleosynthesis and neutrinos) but final report should reflect these.

8. Key items Nuclear abundances in the universe Stellar physics: hydrostatic burning and s-process Cataclysmic astrophysical events and explosive thermonuclear burning Neutron stars and the nuclear equation of state Neutrino astrophysics Astrophysical modelling and related nuclear theory developments Only minor changes made here: Move abundances to start Remove neutrino (main coverage in WG5) Combine old 2 and 3 to new 3 Add mention of nuclear theory

9. Activities Review recent achievements and the state of the art Identify open problems and growth areas Develop medium and long term strategies to tackle these Optimise the interaction of nuclear physics, astrophysical modelling and observation required to progress the field Explore how these European efforts link to the worldwide development of the field Formulate recommendations and an action plan Unchanged from what is in the ESF submission

10. Facility and instrument development – do we have enough knowledge? This to be addressed by the new ly arranged interaction between the SC and the lab directors, the IAs and NuPNET

11. Relationships to activities outside the WG Links to EuroGENESIS and ATHENA (ENSAR) Jordi for EuroGENESIS and Kersten for ATHENA Or with other WGs? WG3 – Nuclear Structure (Lots) – suggest swap draft reports action Brian WG5 – Fundamental interactions (Neutrinos) – they take lead and we check consistent with them – action Brian WG6 – check overlap in respect to AMS – address when see draft WG2 – EoS – address when see draft WG1 – PANDA – address when see draft Or with other science areas/activities? ESS – potential for neutrino cross section measurements and n-TOF Gabriel and Michael will monitor)

12. Agree structure of chapter Can work with the common structure suggested by Guenther (see below) - interpret “theory” to mean “astrophysical modelling and nuclear theory” - will try and cover experiment and theory in each sub-topic, but if this turns out to be difficult will consider separate theory sub-topic. Introduce the topic (including Big Questions) Conceptual framework (including Key Issue) State of the art and future directions (experiment and theory) - will include several sub topics Future requirements - Large scale instrumentation - Research infrastructures - Theory Conclusions - Recommendations - Priorities - Roadmap

13. For “State of the art and future directions (experiment and theory)” the sub-sections will be: Big Bang nucleosynthesis Early stages of stellar evolution Late stages of stellar evolution Explosive nucleosynthesis Compact objects We hope to cover astrophysics modelling, nuclear theory and experimental needs in each sub-section, but may need to look at the structure to have a separate “theory and modelling” section if it gets too repetitive.

14. Some themes emerging which will be the subject of further discussion Timely exploitation of the major new European facilities esstental Effective support for existing network of facilities for science and training Much work required to incorporate 3D effects in models Much modelling required for SNs plus more observational information Much theory required for EoS, mass models, weak interaction processes in compact objects Reaction theory improvements needed Probably OK for RBF in Europe for the explosive burning measurements needed Instrument development needed on existing stable beam facility network to improve direct and indirect measuring capability for advanced burning states Time may be right for multi-MV underground accelerator facility for stellar H-burning beyond the pp-chains – where and who? Emerging case for low energy, high intensity, surface facility dedicated to NA Possible high intensity ISOL beamline at existing facility? Storage rings – not covered this well yet Instrumentation needs – some overlap with WG3 Networking of the smaller accelerator facilities? Is the NA case in EUISOL receiving high enough priority? Dedicated beam development for NA experiments at ISOL facilities RBF underground?

15. SUMMARY On track – can meet deadlines and can work with agreed format for chapter Lots of material and WG members very happy to agree that Convenor formulates first draft for early December Meeting 21 December to discuss draft and agree priorities Suggest Gabriel Martinez Pinedo be added to the WG Lots of important issues raised (previous slide) which will generate interesting discussions at the next meeting Good “chemistry” in the group – should be able to tackle priority issue