Chapter 3

1. Chapter 3 Building Strong Families

2. Family Characteristics Chpt 3.1

3. Work together to provide for the needs of the family and prepare for children to live in our society • Spend time together • Share responsibilities • Work together to resolve differences • Listen to each other with an open mind • Allow each other to express opinions and share feelings • Share goals and values • Show appreciation for each other Qualities of Strong Families

4. Meet basic needs • Food, clothing, shelter, health, and safety. • Strong families will also meet emotional and social needs too. • Living in a family teaches sharing and teamwork. • Strong families will also meet intellectual needs • Prepare children to live in society • Adults teach children what is important to people in their society using three ways: • Through Example – Showing them how to behave • Through Communication – Telling them how to behave • Through Religious Training – Principals of right and wrong through a spiritual aspect Functions of the Family

5. Family members support each other • A support system is needed to keep a family together • Friends, families, and local agencies can all help form a support system to support families Provide Support

6. Spending time together is the foundation to building a strong family • A tradition is a custom that is followed over time • Families that form traditions form strong ties with each other • Traditions provide a sense of continuity, understanding, and appreciation that brings a family together • Traditions provide a family with time together to communicate, heal from loss, adapt to new events, affirm family values, celebrate, and connect to the past Form Traditions

7. Celebration Traditions – Activities or events around special occasions • Birthdays, holidays, etc. • Family Traditions – Events and special activities created to fit a family’s lifestyle • Vacations, family meetings, etc. • Patterned Family Interactions – Actions centered on daily routines in life • Dinner, bedtime, etc. Types of Traditions

8. Values are the beliefs held by an individual, family, community, or society. • In a strong family, everyone is committed to one another. • The family is built on shared values • With a strong foundation of shared values, children feel more at ease. • People who learn trust in the family tend to see the world as a safe place. Share Values

9. When families resolve their conflicts successfully, the whole family is stronger. • Tips for handling conflicts effectively: • Keep cool • Be an active listener • Use positive body language Handle Family Conflict

10. Nuclear Families • Single-Parent Families • Blended Families • Extended Families • Joining Families Family Structure

11. A family that includes a mother and father, and at least one child. • Two parents who help raise the children Nuclear Families

12. One that includes either a mother or father and at least one child. • Absent parent may have died or left after a divorce, or the parents may never have married • Raising a child alone is a demanding job • Many single parents receive help from friends or relatives • If in the case of divorce, the child would live with the custodial parent, and have visitation with the other parent. Single-Parent Families

13. Formed when a single parent marries another person, who may or may not have children. • To a child, the parent’s new spouse becomes a step parent. • To the new spouse, the children become step children. • If both spouses have children, they become stepbrothers and stepsisters. • Parents and children will need time to adjust to one another • Patience, tolerance for different opinions and habits, and a sense of humor can help families overcome the challenges they face. Blended Families

14. A family that includes a parent or parents, at least one child, and other relatives who live with them. • Examples: • A grandparent who lives with a nuclear family • An aunt who lives with a single-parent family Extended Families

15. When a child joins a family through a legal process • Legal guardians – a person who is designated by a legal process to assume responsibility for raising a child • Adoption • A legal process in which children enter a family into which they were not born into • Foster Care • Foster child - A child that comes from a troubled family or difficult circumstances and is placed in the temporary care of another person or family • Foster parents care for foster children, giving them a home while their parents solve their problems, or sometimes until a permanent adoptive home can be found. • Adults apply to the state government to become licensed foster parents. • They receive payment to help with the expense of caring for the child. Joining a Family

16. Mobility • Many adults move, so families are not as close as they used to be • Aging Population • There are a larger number of older people living than in the past • Grandparents are now helping raise children, more than ever • Economic Changes • Many families struggle to make ends meet • Due to this, many families are smaller than ever because of rising costs • Workplace Changes • Types of jobs are shifting, more unemployment than ever • Growing number of people who work outside of the home • Technology • Increase efficiency at home and work • Monitoring social networking sites, and setting time limits • Growing need to make sure children are using technology safely and within reasonable limits Trends Affecting Families

17. What are two functions of the family? • Analyze the similarities and differences among the four family structures described. • Identify three trends that affect families. Check for Understanding

18. Parenting Skills Chpt 3.2

19. Parenting is a learned process that occurs each day • Children’s needs can be grouped into three categories • Physical Needs – • Food, shelter, and clothing • Emotional and Social Needs • Making sure children feel safe, loved, and cared for • This allows children to learn how to make friends and work with other people • Intellectual Needs • Need stimulation and the opportunity to learn about the world and become educated • Parents and caregivers help prepare children for life as independent adults. Children’s Needs

20. Authoritarian • Children should obey their parents without question • When rules are broken, the parent typically responds quickly and firmly • Assertive-Democratic • Children have more input into rules and limits at home • When rules are broken, the parent believes children learn best from accepting the results of their actions or by problem solving together to find an acceptable punishment • Permissive • Parents give children a wide range of freedom • Children usually set their own rules • Encouraged to think for themselves and not follow trends. • Rule breaking is usually ignored Parenting Styles

21. Guidance means using firmness and understanding to help children learn how to behave • Self-discipline is the ability to control one’s one behavior • Conscience is an inner sense of what is right Guide Children’s Behavior

22. Children learn best by being shown what to do • They constantly watch those around them and then imitate the behaviors they see • “Actions speak louder than words” • This applies to all behaviors, not just positive ones Be a Role Model

23. Be sure you have the child’s attention • Be polite • Use positive statements • Use specific words that they child can understand • Begin with an action verb • Give a limited number of directions at a time • Be clear • Give praise and love Give Effective Direction

24. A way to guide children toward appropriate, safe behavior. • The following questions can help parents determine limits: • Does the limit allow the child to learn, explore, and grow? • Is the limit fair and appropriate for the child’s age? • Does the limit benefit the child, or is it just for the adult’s convenience? Set Limits

25. A response that encourages a particular behavior • Can be used to help change a problem behavior and to strengthen a good behavior • Be specific • Comment on the behavior as soon as possible • Recognize small steps • Help children take pride in their actions • Tailor the encouragement to the needs of the child • Use positive reinforcement wisely Provide Positive Reinforcement

26. All children will misbehave from time to time • A child’s age should shape an adult’s response to inappropriate behavior • Questions to consider when deciding how to respond to misbehavior: • Is the expected behavior appropriate, given the child’s age and development? • Does the child understand that the behavior was wrong? • Did the child do the behavior knowingly and deliberately, or was it beyond the child’s control? Deal with Inappropriate Behavior

27. A response aimed at strengthening desired behavior by removing an unpleasant trigger. • When deciding which method of negative reinforcement to use, parents and other caregivers often find that what works for one child may not be effective for another. • Ideas: • Natural Consequences – Suffer from the result of their action • Logical Consequences – Something that makes sense, but may not be the natural consequence • Loss of Privileges – Taking away a privilege as result of a behavior • Time-Out – short period of time in which a child sits away from other people and the center of the activity Negative Reinforcement

28. Bribing • Making children promise to behave • Shouting or yelling • Shaming or belittling • Threatening to Withhold Love • Exaggerating Consequences Poor Disciplinary Measures

29. Being consistent, or continually the same, is the key to guiding children’s behavior. • Clearly making rules and applying them in the same way whenever the situation occurs. • It helps children know what is expected of them • It also lets them know what response to expect from parents • Extremely important when there is more than one caregiver Consistency in Guidance

30. Identify four factors that are part of nurturing • Explain why it is important to set limits • List two ways to deal with inappropriate behavior Check for Understanding