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Client/Server Computing

Client/Server Computing. Byte April 1995 & The Martian C/S book. Is C/S a passing fad?. Mainframe era the “right” hardware vendor software, front-end, apps, etc The PC & C/S revolution “Open systems” mix-and-match c & s platform network protocols DCE infrastructure etc.

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Client/Server Computing

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  1. Client/Server Computing Byte April 1995 & The Martian C/S book

  2. Is C/S a passing fad? • Mainframe era • the “right” hardware vendor • software, front-end, apps, etc • The PC & C/S revolution • “Open systems” • mix-and-match • c & s platform • network protocols • DCE infrastructure • etc. • Good: liberating, low-cost, flexibility • Bad: much harder to manage

  3. Change • Old: • Servers are scarce • LANs • Clearly segregated services • New: • Servers are plentiful • Proximity does not matter • OOUI • Integrates multiple concurrent processes • Interaction

  4. Client/Server visions • The death of mainframes • Mainframes reborn • Peace: middle ground • MIS shops in the new era • much harder to manage • requires much more variety in skills • distributing MIS functions to users?

  5. What is C/S • Service provider & consumer • Clients always initiate • encapsulation of services • Shared resources • Location transparency • continual flux • global • Namespace transparency • unique resolution • dynamic

  6. Network Operating System • Administrative transparency • Synchronization, network failures, etc. • Secured-access transparency • Mutual distrust • ID verification • Access control lists • Communications transparency • Heterogeneous data • Message oriented middleware

  7. Applications • Planetary electronic mall • Technologies • Rich transaction processing • Roaming agents • Rich documents

  8. Client/Server models • File servers • SQL databases • transaction servers • TP monitors • Groupware • Distributed objects

  9. SQL • Dominate today • Well known language • Stored procedures • Extensions • triggers • rules • Non-standard progress • LCD is SQL

  10. TP Monitors • Manage processes • Transaction oriented • Contract • Fundamental unit • recovery • consistency • concurrency • Flat model • Sub-transaction model • Overkill for small LANs • Scales well to large networks

  11. Groupware • Multimedia • Document management • Unstructured data • E-mail • Work flow processing • sequential routes • parallel routes • feedback • acceptance criteria

  12. Distributed Objects • Encapsulates data & business logic • Wrappers for legacy apps • Most standardized • Interface Definition Language • Can subsume all other forms of C/S

  13. Distribution of applications • Fat clients • traditional model • file server • database server • Fat servers • minimize network load • transaction servers • object servers

  14. C/S Building Blocks • architecture • structural details • by computers not plans • c/s questions • split • scalability • mobile - home • New demographics • single machine • single server • multi-server • distributed objects

  15. Infrastructure • client • server • middleware • transport stacks • O/S interface • NOS • extends local O/S • single system illusion • app coordination • ORB • services • location transparent connectivity

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